1. Water in Landscape 林晏州 教授 Yann-Jou Lin

2. Introduction Water can bring a magical quality to your garden, it's movement, sight and sound instills a sense of tranquility which combined with effective lighting can transform the garden into a private haven far away from the stress of everyday life.

3. Introduction Movement can be created by fountains, waterfalls and cascades, while concealed bio systems and suitable planting will maintain the highest quality of water with the least possible maintenance.

4. Introduction It ’ s hard to find another element that is so central and so vital both to basic life and to a diverse range of aesthetic and recreational pleasure.

5. Introduction Water in nature In nature, water is found in a variety of form, shapes and actions - rivers - lakes - ponds - waterfalls - springs - marshes, etc.

6. Introduction In planning and designing, the first step is to study and understand the “ to- and-fro ” or activity of nature water sources.

7. History of Water in Design In western gardens Egypt -Water is a necessity — an Egyptian garden is unthinkable without it — and it is unusual not to have it shown in a picture. -The gardens of the Egyptians were essentially for private enjoyment and relaxation.

8. History of Water in Design In western gardens Egypt -Straight rectangular canals and channels inspired the emergence of a symmetrical enclosure as the universally adopted garden plan. -The water equipments in the garden of Egypt had many applications.

9. History of Water in Design Greece - There is water set up in different ways.Sometimes it is a fountain splashing into a square basin of clever design appearing among the flowers. This water acts like a mirror, showing us two gardens, the real one and its reflection.

10. History of Water in Design Rome -The application of canals: ponds, fountains, irrigation, etc.

11. History of Water in Design

12. 古羅馬洞穴石景 德斯特別墅的管風琴噴水

13. History of Water in Design Islamic Cultures - The scarcity of water and the difficulty of bringing it to the garden compelled Muslim designers to develop efficient methods of irrigation and to embrace a high regard for water as the indispensable support of life.

14. History of Water in Design Islamic Cultures - This makes the intricacy of the channels and the reticence of undisturbed pools and low bubble fountains more strikingly subtle and understated. -This gives an insight into the spirit behind their reaction.

15. History of Water in Design Alhambra ( 阿罕布拉宮 ) Leones ( 獅子宮 )

16. History of Water in Design Renaissance and Baroque Europe -Italy -France

17. History of Water in Design Italy -Because of the highly development of water arrangement, they set up many fountains and canals to lead the water into the garden from the hill.

18. History of Water in Design Italy - A means of expression and the opportunity to impress by combining decoration with movement. -Water- primarily representative and symbolic- the soul of a garden, and often deployed with great subtlety..

19. History of Water in Design Italy The waterscape of Villa d'Este

20. History of Water in Design Italy 橢圓形噴泉為庭園內最典型的巴洛克式噴泉

21. History of Water in Design France -The Italian influence on French garden design can be traced very precisely through the story of the Francinis, but there is fewer fountain and waterfall in French garden than in Italian. The canal of Versailles

22. History of Water in Design France -Everywhere there is water either in wide tanks or narrow canals, pleasing but scarcely ever artificially wrought, and serving rather as a frame for house and gardens. The gushing water,France

23. History of Water in Design In eastern garden China -Chinese gardening art relates closely to the water and mountains found in Nature, but does not simply imitate the types of scenery to be found in natural settings.

24. History of Water in Design In eastern garden China -Water can be well used as a mirror. Beautiful images vividly reflect in the water. - Islets in lakes or ponds are one of the main elements of Chinese gardening.

25. History of Water in Design Japan - Water's importance is a symbol and expression of the sea. In general, a pond or lake occupies the most significant portion of the garden.

26. History of Water in Design Japan - If space is a problem, one is supposed to be able to enjoy the tranquility of the sea in a bucketful of water contained in a stone water basin.

27. Basic Form of Water Hydrosphere is the dynamic mass of water that is continually on the move. It includes the entire water body on our planet. There are four basic forms of water in nature that we can use as the design element. - Quiet Waters ( 滯水 ) - Running Waters ( 流水 ) - Waterfalls ( 落水 ) - Gushing Waters ( 噴水 )

28. Basic Form of Water

29. Quiet Waters ( 滯水 ) -Different scales and shapes of quiet water will have different characteristics and results.

30. Basic Form of Water Quiet Waters ( 滯水 ) -When the surface of the body of water is wide, it appears quiet and silent. -It also reflects the images of things along the shore.

31. Basic Form of Water Quiet Waters ( 滯水 ) 相映 水的構造物

32. Quiet Waters ( 滯水 )

33. Basic Form of Water Quiet Waters ( 滯水 )

34. Basic Form of Water Running Waters ( 流水 ) -The shape of flowing water is dependent on many variables: width, slope, material of bottom of the pool, structure.

35. Basic Form of Water Running Waters ( 流水 ) -The main characteristic of water that we use as a design element is continuous flowing. -Running water can use to divide or connect of space.

36. Basic Form of Water Running Waters ( 流水 )

37. Running Waters ( 流水 )

38. Basic Form of Water Waterfalls ( 落水 ) -Waterfalls has many functions, such as symbolic, harmonizing, guiding, buffering, covering, and making sounds..

39. Basic Form of Water Waterfalls ( 落水 ) -The location of waterfalls depends on the distance of viewers. -Waterfalls on the squares can be used as recreational equipments.

40. Basic Form of Water Waterfalls ( 落水 )

41. Basic Form of Water Waterfalls ( 落水 )

43. Waterfalls ( 落水 )Waterfalls ( 落水 )

44. Waterfalls ( 落水 )

46. Basic Form of Water Gushing Waters ( 噴水 ) - natural or artificially conveyed flow of water.

47. Gushing Waters ( 噴水 )

51. Basic Form of Water Gushing Waters ( 噴水 )

52. Application of water Water played many different roles within the design- - emphasizing architectural elements - masking outdoor noise - producing pleasing sounds - irrigating plants - moisturizing and cooling the hot dry microclimate - soothing the dusty wind - play with it

53. Application of Water Play Areas

54. Motion in Water Features Utilitarian Water Features Application of Water

56. Principles of Design Design Constraints- Basic Consideration -Location dusty, windy -Purpose public pedestrian, children, attraction, swimming -Maintenance -Feasibility

57. Principles of Design Design Consideration -Scale Lawrence Halprin & Associates, model -Immediacy Charles Moore, contact between observer and the water

58. Principles of Design Design Consideration -Sunlight orientation and advantage of direct sunlight -Materials metal, small pools, sculptural elements, copper and sheet brass, sheet lead, watertight basin

59. Discussion