1. This PowerPoint Presentation is ©2013 by Robin L. Simmons. All Rights Reserved. Robin L. SimmonsRobin L. Simmons This PowerPoint Presentation is ©2013 by Robin L. Simmons. All Rights Reserved. Robin L. SimmonsRobin L. Simmons

2. ENC 1102, Freshman Composition II Drafting Your Research Essay

3. First Page Concerns Insert MLA-style page numbering—your last name and the page number, starting on the first page. Insert MLA-style page numbering—your last name and the page number, starting on the first page. Include a heading. Include a heading. Give the paper an interesting, correct title. Give the paper an interesting, correct title.  Do not underline your title.  Do not add quotation marks around the title.  Capitalize all major words.  Avoid funky fonts. The __________ [ Insert your subject ] would be a boring title for this essay. The __________ [ Insert your subject ] would be a boring title for this essay.

4. Wrighter 1 Wanda Wrighter Professor Simmons ENC 1102 October 17, 2011 Franken Food: What People Need to Know About GMOs

5. General Structure for the Essay Narrative Provocative Question Thesis Statement [ separate paragraph ] Section A [ subheading and 2 body paragraphs ] Section A [ subheading and 2 body paragraphs ] Section B [ subheading and 2 body paragraphs ] Section B [ subheading and 2 body paragraphs ] Section C [ subheading and 2 body paragraphs ] Section C [ subheading and 2 body paragraphs ] Section D [ subheading and 2 body paragraphs ] Section D [ subheading and 2 body paragraphs ]

6. Compose Your Four Headings Find your preliminary thesis statement and reread it. Find your preliminary thesis statement and reread it. Has your research caused you to make changes ? Has your research caused you to make changes ? Now write your official thesis statement. Now write your official thesis statement. The thesis statement must indicate the three or four parts of your paper. The thesis statement must indicate the three or four parts of your paper. Compose your four subheadings. Compose your four subheadings.  Use phrases, not complete sentences.  Keep the phrases parallel.  Capitalize all major words.  Bold and underline the subheadings.

7. Correct Use of Names The first time you mention a person, use that person’s full name and identity. The first time you mention a person, use that person’s full name and identity.  Dr. Melissa Shusett, a cardiologist at Johns Hopkins, …  Stan Winston, a reporter for The New York Times, … The second time you mention the person, use that person’s last name only. The second time you mention the person, use that person’s last name only.  Shusett  Winston

8. Body Paragraphs All body paragraphs must have at least one quotation from a source. All body paragraphs must have at least one quotation from a source. All quotations must have four things : All quotations must have four things :  An introductory tag  Correct punctuation  Accurate wording  A parenthetical reference [when necessary]

9. Parenthetical References with Books If you do not mention the author in the introductory tag, use the author's last name and the page number in the reference. If you do not mention the author in the introductory tag, use the author's last name and the page number in the reference. If you use the author in the introductory tag, include only the page number in the parenthetical reference. If you use the author in the introductory tag, include only the page number in the parenthetical reference. The one period that ends the entire sentence follows the reference. The one period that ends the entire sentence follows the reference.

10. No author in the introductory tag: According to Drug War Facts, “methadone treatment reduced participants’ heroin use by 70%, their criminal activity by 57%, and increased their full-time employment by 24%” (McVay 197). According to Drug War Facts, “methadone treatment reduced participants’ heroin use by 70%, their criminal activity by 57%, and increased their full-time employment by 24%” (McVay 197). Author in the introductory tag: According to Douglas McVay, author of Drug War Facts, “methadone treatment reduced participants’ heroin use by 70%, their criminal activity by 57%, and increased their full-time employment by 24%” (197). According to Douglas McVay, author of Drug War Facts, “methadone treatment reduced participants’ heroin use by 70%, their criminal activity by 57%, and increased their full-time employment by 24%” (197).

11. Parenthetical References with Online Sources If you do not mention the author in the introductory tag, use the author's last name. If you do not mention the author in the introductory tag, use the author's last name. If you use the author in the introductory tag, no parenthetical reference is necessary. If you use the author in the introductory tag, no parenthetical reference is necessary. If you do not have an author, use an abbreviated title in quotation marks, like this: (“Few Successes”) If you do not have an author, use an abbreviated title in quotation marks, like this: (“Few Successes”) The one period that ends the entire sentence follows the parenthetical reference. The one period that ends the entire sentence follows the parenthetical reference. If the quotation does not have a reference, the period comes before the closing quotation mark. If the quotation does not have a reference, the period comes before the closing quotation mark.

12. No author in the introductory tag: According to The New York Times, Matt Harding’s dance video is “an almost perfect piece of Internet art” (McGrath). According to The New York Times, Matt Harding’s dance video is “an almost perfect piece of Internet art” (McGrath). Author in the introductory tag: Charles McGrath, a reporter for The New York Times, considers Matt Harding’s dance video “an almost perfect piece of Internet art.” Charles McGrath, a reporter for The New York Times, considers Matt Harding’s dance video “an almost perfect piece of Internet art.”

13. All parenthetical references must flawlessly match the entry on the works cited page.

14. McVay, Douglas. Drug War Facts. Toronto: Chelsea House Publishers, 2003. McVay, Douglas. Drug War Facts. Toronto: Chelsea House Publishers, 2003. According to Drug War Facts, “methadone treatment reduced participants’ heroin use by 70%, their criminal activity by 57%, and increased their full-time employment by 24%” (McVay 197). According to Drug War Facts, “methadone treatment reduced participants’ heroin use by 70%, their criminal activity by 57%, and increased their full-time employment by 24%” (McVay 197). Establish a flawless match between parenthetical reference and works cited page entry:

15. Always document your quotation.

16. Step 7: Add your relevance as the conclusion for the paragraph. (Be sure to cut This information explains that...)

17. Ta-da! One paragraph is done.

18. First, Topic Sentence, Then Summary, Then Introductory Tag, Then Quotation, Then, if necessary, Documentation, And finally Relevance.

19. Write the Conclusion Write one sentence that summarizes the main idea of the paper. Write one sentence that summarizes the main idea of the paper. Write one sentence of summary for each of your four main points. Remind your reader of the good ideas you covered. Write one sentence of summary for each of your four main points. Remind your reader of the good ideas you covered. End with a thoughtful last statement. You can have an opinion here or address the reader directly. End with a thoughtful last statement. You can have an opinion here or address the reader directly. The conclusion must be at least 6 sentences. The conclusion must be at least 6 sentences.

20. Final Version You must put the essay in my hands. You must put the essay in my hands. You must also submit a copy to SafeAssign. You must also submit a copy to SafeAssign.

21. The End.