1. American Government McGraw- Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998 Year Percent Sources: Harold W. Stanley and Richard G. Niemi, Vital Statistics on American Politics, 5/e (Congressional Quarterly Inc. 1995), p. 261. Reprinted with permission Presidential approval, Gallup Poll, 1938-1995 Roosevelt Truman Eisenhower Kennedy Johnson Carter Bush Nixon Ford Reagan Clinton 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 19364044485256606468727680848884889293949596

2. American Government McGraw- Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998 The 1996 Schlesinger Poll (Continued on next slide) Great Near Great Washington 130 Lincoln 32 F.D.R. 131 Truman 2136 Wilson 17111 T. Roosevelt 18110 Jefferson 16112 Polk 17812 Jackson 17111 Data Source: 1943, 1964: National Opinion Research Center surveys: 1954: Samuel A. Stouffer. Communism, Great Failure Below Average Average Near Great

3. American Government McGraw- Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998 Data Source: 1943, 1964: National Opinion Research Center surveys: 1954: Samuel A. Stouffer. Communism, The 1996 Schlesinger Poll (Continued from previous slide) Average (High) Kennedy 9211 Eisenhower 102011 McKinley 5202 John Adams 10171 Cleveland 8201 Monroe 12221 L. B. J. 151232 (Continued on next slide) Great Failure Below Average Average Near Great Average (Low) B. Harrison 147 J.Q. Adams 1188 Taft 1791 Madison 22051 1 Van Buren 188 1 Hayes 1610 1 Arthur 1311 1 Ford 6202 Bush 16121 Carter 15122 1 Reagan 1194 7 Clinton 1752 2

4. American Government McGraw- Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998 Tyler 617 5 Nixon 4520 2 The 1996 Schlesinger Poll (Continued from previous slide) Great Failure Below Average Average Near Great Below Average Failure Taylor 617 3 Fillmore 320 3 Coolidge 716 4 Grant 9 18 A. Johnson 27 17 Buchanan 6 22 Pierce 15 12 Harding 2 26 Hoover 119 10 Data Source: 1943, 1964: National Opinion Research Center surveys: 1954: Samuel A. Stouffer. Communism,

5. American Government McGraw- Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998 Source: Harold W. Stanley and Richard G. Niemi, Vital Statistics on American Politics, 5th ed. (Congressional Quarterly Inc., 1995), p. 260. Reprinted with permission. Treaties and executive agreements approved by the United States, 1789-1994 Number of Executive YearTreatiesAgreements 1789–18396027 1839–1889215238 1889–1929382763 1930–19324941 1933–1944 (F. Roosevelt)131369 1945–1952 (Truman)1321,324 1953–1960 (Eisenhower)891,834 1961–1963 (Kennedy)36813 1964–1968 (L. Johnson)671,083 1969–1974 (Nixon)931,317 1975–1976 (Ford)26666 1977–1980 (Carter)791,476 1981–1988 (Reagan)1172,837 1989–1992 (Bush)671,350 1993–1994 (Clinton)41594