1. What is TNE? The best definition of the term is provided by the Organisation of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) All types of higher education study programme, or sets of courses of study, or educational services (including those of distance education) in which the learners are located in a country different from the one where the awarding institution is based. Such programmes may belong to the educational system of a State different from the State in which it operates, or may operate independently of any national system.

2. Internationalisation Internationalisation at the national, sectoral and institutional levels is defined as the process of integrating an international, intercultural, or global dimension into the purpose, functions or delivery of postsecondary education (Dr. Jane Knight 2003)

4. Numbers of students HESA 2008/09 1Malaysia 42,535 2Singapore 40,360 3Pakistan 23,145 4Hong Kong 22,170 5Nigeria 15,670 6China 15,010 7Ireland 13,975 8Ghana 13,420 9Trinidad & Tobago 13,080 10Greece 11,675

5. UK Institutions - Why TNE? Triggers Assist countries to meet developmental goals through education: Raising standards through sharing methods and philosophies, revenue and growth, expansion. Creating new revenue streams: Protects against economic downturn –lower cost for overseas education. Enriching students and staff: International exposure and sharing of knowledge and teaching methods: Improves standards on both sides If I look at it from a British perspective, the trends have got to be towards transnational education. The British market is a stagnant one. Its as simple as that. (UK institution) A really good TNE project is one where both partners can see a benefit; both partners can see new directions to go beyond the current activity. (UK institution) It actually leads to other projects because the institutions will get tied to each other more strongly. Your relationship will evolve and the types of things youre doing will also evolve. (UK institution)

6. Local Institutions - Why TNE? Triggers Greater participation in the global community. Meeting goals for building educational capacity: Broadening educational offer. Knowledge sharing for staff and students. Creating a higher quality of education. Gaining accreditation, attracting students, higher fees. Building credibility and popularity locally and internationally. The point is why should we go international? It is because we need to strengthen our competitive ability and high competence alumni. (Indonesia) Our role is to be an institution that can provide opportunity for students in many fields. (Thailand) Having partnerships like dual degrees means that our standard is already internationally recognised. They (overseas institutions) have admitted that we are equal to them in terms of quality. If this was not so, the partnership would never happen. (Indonesia)

7. Importance of TNE Provides access to a UK qualification for a wider range of students than traditional methods can reach and meet goals of increasing access. This has allowed UK institutions to tap into new markets which can be defined as the new emerging middle class in country + third nationals who are drawn to educational hubs such as Singapore, Malaysia and Hong Kong due to the number of UK qualifications available on offer. The more successful programmes develop a wider and deeper range of partnerships beyond the delivery of the programme. Have influence in globally significant regions and assist governments in developing own capacities.

8. Issues to Consider How do you ensure it benefits all sides of the relationship? How do you maintain quality assurance? How do you ensure sustainability? How do you ensure student experience is comparable? How do you ensure staff and student identification with both institutions?