2. Program H/M: Engaging Young Men and Women in Transforming Gender Norms in Schools and Communities Giovanna Lauro, PhD, Deputy Director Promundo-US g.lauro@promundo.org.br / www.promundo.org.br

3. Can Young Men Change? What works to change gender norms? What impact do we see in behaviors in changing norms How can we scale up? What benefits do we see for young women, and for young men themselves?

4. Context: Rio de Janeiro 14% of men report paying for sex with a girl under 18 26% of men have used IPV High support for rigid norms about men’s and women’s roles Low HIV testing among men; high rates of STIs Young and adult women emphasize need to engage men

5. How did we implement Program H? “Consciousness raising” about masculinity Activism and community campaigns led by “resistors” Training teachers, health workers to implement Building networks of community allies Parallel program for young women

6. LIVE Gender-equitable, non-violent and healthy attitudes and behavior in everyday life in a sustained way. This contributes to positive outcomes such as increased condom use and improved SRH; and reduced STIs and HIV/AIDS, gender- based violence and gender equity itself LEARN through questioning and critically reflecting about gender norms, to develop new attitudes and skills REHEARSE attitude and behavior changes, and new skills in safe environments of group educational sessions INTERNALIZE new gender attitudes and norms SUPPORTING INFLUENCES & STRUCTURES Peer groups questioning and transforming gender norms together; role modeling of gender-equitable lifestyles, and taking action through advocacy in one’s community and broader levels; Institutions, structures, services, and policies support these changes How Program H Works

7. Impact Evaluation 7 Quasi-Experimental studies found: Reduction in violence-supportive attitudes (All 7 sites) Decrease in sexual harassment (India), and IPV (Brazil and Chile) Increased condom use (Brazil, Chile, India) Increased participation by men in care work (Brazil) Young women in Brazil study reported that male partners treated them with more respect; sought HIV testing; participated in contraceptive use

8. Scale up of Program H: 22 countries Community-based youth groups Workplace Women’s economic empowerment Sports-based programming Youth detention facilities IDP/refugee camps SCALING UP: in Brazil, Balkans and India

9. Remaining Questions How to maintain quality of the intervention as we scale up? How to engage a broader set of allies in the transformation? What are long-term effects of participation in gender- transformative programming for adult relationships? How to universalize it? How to engage young women and young men?