1. Objective SWBAT: describe the social division of France’s old order
List reasons for France’s economic troubles
Explain why Louis XVI called the Estates-General and summarize what happened
Understand why Parisians stormed the Bastille

2. TV France: Wrap up Questions
Do the interviews suggest that one social class was more important or influential than another?
Which social classes were more optimistic about their future? What reasons can you suggest for this?
Make an argument for and against each social class as the “most important”

3. Do Now Tuesday 1/8/13 In your notes, explain the political cartoon.
What do each of the four men represent?
What is the message?

4. Qu’est-ce que le tiers état?

5. Ancien Regime  old order
Clergy
enjoy wealth
Church owns 10% of land, collect tithe, no taxes
Enlightenment ideas target the 1st estate (Clergy)
Nobles
Hold top government jobs
Army, courts & church
Feared losing traditional positions
Vastly Diverse Third Estate
Bourgeoisie at top
Bankers, merchants, manufacturers, lawyers, doctors, journalisits, professors
MOST were rural peasants

6. The French Revolution
all 3 estates had grievances against the monarchy.
to improve their condition - take power from the monarchy
Third estate felt most stress:
provided goods and services.
Paid heavy taxes

7. Causes: Enlightenment Ideas & Philosophes
The Enlightenment Ideas:
Liberty
Equality
Reason
Progress
Philosophes:
Locke  private property, limited sovereignty & fair government
Voltaire attacked noble privileges & Church’s authority

8. Causes: Am. Rev & Economy
The American Revolution:
Enlightenment ideas in action
French soldiers (Lafayette) came home inspired
Put Louis XIV in more debt
French economy was failing:
50% of government’s income went to debt interest
No central bank or paper currency
Inefficient and uneven taxation system (Varied by region and estate)

9. Causes: Feudal System Estate System outdated
Difficult to move up in society, unless very rich
The poor/peasantry resented the inequality of the three estates
Harvest failure
Less food, higher prices, businesses failed, unemployment in cities

10. Causes: Louis XVI Good intentions “Enlightened” Weak-willed Indecisive
Marie Antoinette allowed him “to dispense patronage amongst friends”

11. How does the cartoonist portray the Third Estate
How does the cartoonist portray the Third Estate? What were the differences among the social classes in pre-revolutionary France?

12. Events of the French Revolution
Moderate Stage:
Radical Stage:
The Directory:
Napoleon:

13. Outbreak: Estates-General
May 5, 1789: Estates General convenes at Versailles
First time in 175 years (1614)
All three estates prepared cahiers (notebooks) listing their grievances “Cahiers de doleances”
Fairer taxes, freedom of press, regular meetings of the Estate-General

14. Outbreak: Estates General
Reps from Third Estate
Disagreed on how to vote
Tradition: each estate met and voted separately, each estate had one vote
First & Second Estates always outvoted the Third Estate
The Third Estate wanted all estates to meet in a single body and count votes “by head”

15. Tennis Court Oath
June 17, 1789: delegates of the Third Estate declared themselves to be The National Assembly
June 20, 1789: The Oath of the Tennis Court
Meeting hall  locked and guarded
Met at an indoor tennis court
Swore, “never to separate and to meet wherever the circumstances might require until we have established a sound and just constitution.”
Tension between king & Assembly

16. Storming the Bastille July 14, 1789: Paris
More than 800 Parisians assembled outside the Bastille
Demanded weapons and gunpowder (rumored to be there)
Commander of Bastille refused & opened fire on the crowd
Crowd killed the commander, set free prisoners, found no weapons
Importance: Challenged the king & won
Celebrated every year since 1880

17. Place de la Bastille

18. French Revolution French Rev Part 1 French Rev Part 2

19. Do Now What is the significance of La Place de la Bastille?
Explain the historical significance as well as current day.