1. 7th Edition Medical Terminology for Health Professions Ann Ehrlich/Carol L.Schroeder © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Diagnostic Procedures, Nuclear Medicine, and Pharmacology Chapter 15

2. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Overview of Diagnostic Procedures, Nuclear Medicine, and Pharmacology

3. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Basic Diagnostic Procedures Vital signs Auscultation Palpation and percussion Basic examination instruments

4. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Vital Signs Temperature: average normal is 98.6°F (Fahrenheit) or 37.0°C (Celsius) Pulse: rhythmic pressure against walls of an artery caused by beating of heart Respiration: number of complete breaths per minute Blood pressure: force of blood against walls of arteries

5. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Pulse Points of the Body

6. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Ausclatation Auscultation –Listening for sounds within the body –Performed through a stethoscope

7. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Palpation and Percussion Palpation –examiner’s hands feel texture, size, consistency, and location of body parts Percussion –determines density of a body part by sound produced by tapping surface with fingers

8. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Basic Examination Instruments Ophthalmoscope: to examine interior of eye Otoscope: to examine external ear canal and tympanic membrane Speculum: to enlarge opening of a canal or cavity for inspection of its interior Stethoscope: to listen to sounds within the body

9. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Recumbent positions Sims’ position Knee-chest position Lithotomy position Examination Positions

10. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Recumbent Positions Horizontal recumbent position –also known as supine position –patient is lying on the back, face up –used for examination and treatment of anterior surface of the body and for x-rays Dorsal recumbent position –patient lying on the back, face up, with the knees bent –used for examination and treatment of the abdominal area and for vaginal or rectal exams (continues)

11. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Recumbent Positions Lithotomy position –patient lying on back, face up, with the feet and legs raised and supported in stirrups –used for vaginal and rectal examinations and during childbirth (continues)

12. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Recumbent Positions Prone position – patient lying on abdomen face down Sims’ position – patient lying on left side with right knee and thigh drawn up with left arm placed along back Knee-chest position – patient lying face down with hips bent so knees and chest rest on table

13. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Laboratory Tests Blood tests Urinalysis

14. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Endoscopy Visual examination Endoscopic surgery

15. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Centesis Centesis: a surgical puncture to remove excess fluid or to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes Used alone as a noun, or as a suffix in conjunction with the combining form, describing the body part being treated (continues)

16. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Centesis Examples of centesis –abdominocentesis –arthrocentesis –cardiocentesis –pericardiocentesis

17. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Imaging Techniques Radiography (x-ray) Computerized tomography (CT) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Fluoroscopy Diagnostic ultrasound

18. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Nuclear Medicine Utilizes radioactive substances for both diagnosis and treatment purposes.

19. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Radiographic Projections and Positioning Projections Positioning Basic radiographic projections

20. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Terms Related to Pharmacology Addiction Adverse drug reaction (side effect) Compliance Contraindication Drug interaction (continues)

21. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Terms Related to Pharmacology Palliative Paradoxical drug reaction Placebo Idiosyncratic reaction Potentiation (synergism)

22. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Key Word Parts and Definitions albumin/o –albumin, protein calc/i –calcium, lime, the heel -centesis –surgical puncture to remove fluid creatin/o –creatinine (continues)

23. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Key Word Parts and Definitions glycos/o –glucose, sugar -graphy –the process of producing a picture or record hemat/o –blood, relating to the blood lapar/o –abdomen, abdominal wall (continues)

24. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Key Word Parts and Definitions -otomy –cutting, surgical incision phleb/o –vein radi/o –radiation, x-rays -scope –instrument for visual examination (continues)

25. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Key Word Parts and Definitions -scopy –visual examination son/o –sound -uria –urination, urine

26. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Questions

27. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Question In Sim’s position, which is used for examining the rectal area, the patient is lying: a.face down b.on the left side with the right knee drawn up c.on the back with the knees up

28. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Answer b. on the left side with the right knee drawn up

29. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Question A lipid panel measures the ability of the liver to secrete bilirubin into the bile. True or False?

30. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Answer False. A lipid panel measures the amount of cholesterol in a blood sample. A serum bilirubin test measures the ability of the liver to secrete bilirubin into the bile.

31. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Question Which of these operations cannot be performed using laparoscopic surgery? a.appendectomy b.cholecystectomy c.cesarean section

32. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Answer c. cesarean section

33. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Question Elephants have an average pulse of 27, and for canaries the average is 1,000. What is the average pulse for human beings? a.90 b.120 c.65

34. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Answer c. 65

35. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Answers to Learning Exercises

36. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Matching Word Parts 1 15.1. lapar/o 15.2. albumin/o 15.3. calc/i 15.4. creatin/o 15.5. glycos/o Matching Word Parts 2 15.6. -centesis 15.7. hemat/o 15.8. -otomy 15.9. -graphy 15.10. son/o Chapter 15 Answers

37. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Matching Word Parts 3 15.11. -scopy 15.12. radi/o 15.13. -uria 15.14. phleb/o 15.15. -scope Definitions 15.16. hypnosis 15.17. speculum 15.18. computed tomography 15.19. tolerance 15.20. ultrasonography 15.21. calciuria 15.22. C-reactive protein 15.23. dorsal recumbent 15.24. bruit 15.25. pyuria Chapter 15 Answers

38. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Matching Techniques 15.26. CT 15.27. x-rays 15.28. centesis 15.29. fluoroscopy 15.30. MRI Which Word? 15.31. idiosyncratic 15.32. positron emission 15.33. radiopaque 15.34. intraoral 15.35. brand-name Chapter 15 Answers

39. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Spelling Counts 15.36. auscultation 15.37. sphygmomanometer 15.38. fluoroscopy 15.39. contraindication 15.40. ophthalmoscope Abbreviation Identification 15.41. erythrocyte sedimentation rate 15.42. nothing by mouth 15.43. as needed 15.44. temperature, pulse, respiration 15.45. white blood count Chapter 15 Answers

40. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Term Selection 15.46. pericardiocentesis 15.47. hematuria 15.48. naturopathy 15.49. anti-inflammatory 15.50. parenteral Sentence Completion 15.51. projection 15.52. stridor 15.53. phlebotomist 15.54. otoscope 15.55. acupressure Chapter 15 Answers

41. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Word Surgery 15.56. abdomin/o, -centesis 15.57. cine-, radi/o, -graphy 15.58. ech/o, cardi/o, -graphy 15.59. bacteri, -uria 15.60. pharmac, -ology True/False 15.61. True 15.62. True 15.63. False 15.64. False 15.65. True Chapter 15 Answers

42. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Clinical Conditions 15.66. ketonuria 15.67. white blood 15.68. hypothermia 15.69. palpation 15.70. crossmatch 15.71. barium 15.72. transesophageal 15.73. allopathic medicine 15.74. glycosuria 15.75. percussion Which Is the Correct Medical Term? 15.76. adverse 15.77. creatinuria 15.78. acupressure 15.79. MRI 15.80. lithotomy Chapter 15 Answers

43. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved Challenge Word Building 15.81. hypoproteinemia 15.82. hyperalbuminemia 15.83. hyperglycosuria 15.84. cystoscope 15.85. pleurocentesis 15.86. cystogram 15.87. hypocalcemia 15.88. hypercalciuria 15.89. pyemia 15.90. hyperproteinuria Labeling Exercises 15.91. prone 15.92. horizontal 15.93. knee-chest 15.94. dorsal 15.95. lithotomy 15.96. Sims’ 15.97. intramuscular 15.98. subcutaneous 15.90. intravenous 15.100. intradermal Chapter 15 Answers