1. Coping with Extreme Climate Events Policy Implications Joyashree Roy Professor of Economics Coordinator-Global Change Programme-JU Jadavpur University, Kolkata May 12, 2006

2. Research Question Why and How to bind climate issues with wider developmental issues.

3. Natural Resource Base Access to water And sanitation Extreme events Livelihoods Participation In Decision making Health Vulnerability To Environmental Change Opportunity Security Empowerment Access to environmental info Elements of Well being Dimensions of Poverty Ex of Env factors Environmental Links to dimensions of poverty

4. Bottom up Approach Building up from Observing the Behaviour of direct stakeholders

5. Design of the study identification of hotspots understanding vulnerability identifying coping mechanism: households and communities adaptive actions of –vulnerable groups with private motive –government and non-government external agencies with social welfare motive –generate both private and public goods and services. Careful analysis of these will provide us with a portfolio of actions.

6. Stake holders perception and action Through community response Through Household response –Responses are based on the field survey following LIFE approach

7. Policy Framework Sustainable development goals –Livelihood: employment –Institution: decision making, social capital –Food: poverty –Empowerment: education, health..

8. Hot spot selection hydrological model results on climate variability related water availability scenarios district wise map representing population density, intensity of agricultural activity, degree of water stress/abundance, precipitation pattern –They all were then overlaid on each other to identify the villages i.e. the hotspot as intersection of all these characteristics. the households in each village have been first stratified according to their landholding pattern

9. Study area The flood basin survey has been conducted in –villages of Nandabar, Karabar and Manitiri of the Nayagarh district of Orissa in the Mahanadi river basin. the drought survey has been carried out in –sabarkantha and Ahmedabad of gujarat in the Sabarmati river basin. Eight villages - two each from the talukas Himmatnagar and Modasa in Sabarkantha and Dholka and Sanand in Ahmedabad have been selected for the survey. A total of approximately 200 households have been surveyed which due to random selection procedure can be considered a fairly representative sample.

10. Vulnerability assessment Vulnerability of the study areas has been judged by three component indices representing three sources of vulnerability: threats to livelihood (VIL), food security (VIF) and access to market (VIM) based on household responses.

11. Vulnerability status

12. Coping capacity Diversified occupational pattern Infrastructure facilities Asset position Social capital Indebtedness

13. Mahanadi Hotspot: Occupational Distribution

14. Mahanadi Hotspot: Types of Farmers

15. Mahanadi Hotspot: Land Distribution

16. Mahanadi Hotspot: Educational Distribution

17. Mahanadi Hotspot: Lighting Fuel

18. Mahanadi Hotspot: Cooking Fuel

19. Mahanadi Hotspot: Cropping Pattern

20. Mahanadi Hotspot: Short-term Coping Strategies

21. Mahanadi Hotspot: Long-term Coping Strategies

22. Mahanadi Hotspot: Infrastructure : Source of Potable Water during Floods

23. Mahanadi Hotspot: social capital: Support from Relatives

24. Mahanadi Hotspot: Social capital: Support from Villagers & Friends

25. Mahanadi Hotspot: Institution: Governmental Support

26. Mahanadi Hotspot: Institution: NGO Support

27. Mahanadi Hotspot: Policy Suggestions by Stakeholders

28. Sabarmati Hotspot: Occupational Distribution

29. Sabarmati Hotspot: Pattern of Land Holding

30. Sabarmati Hotspot: Lighting Fuel

31. Sabarmati Hotspot: Cooking Fuel

32. Sabarmati Hotspot: Coping Strategies

33. Sabarmati Hotspot: Reported Damage to Crops

34. Sabarmati Hotspot: Village-wise Irrigation Availability

35. Sabarmati Hotspot: Financial Aid Distribution

36. Sabarmati Hotspot: Policy Suggestions by Stakeholders

37. Adaptive capacity Complex combination of –technology –institutional governance Policy matrix

38. Policy Matrix

41. Thank you