1. CHaMP Habitat Protocol
Overview by
Mike Ward, Jeremy Moberg, Boyd Bouwes
Bouwes, N., J. Moberg, N. Weber, B. Bouwes, S. Bennett, C. Beasley, C.E. Jordan, P. Nelle, M. Polino, S. Rentmeester, B. Semmens, C. Volk, M.B. Ward, and J. White Scientific protocol for salmonid habitat surveys within the Columbia Habitat Monitoring Program. Prepared by the Integrated Status and Effectiveness Monitoring Program and published by Terraqua, Inc., Wauconda, WA. 118 pages.
Available at

2. Genesis of CHaMP Habitat Protocol
Based on learning from other habitat monitoring programs: ISEMP, EMAP, PIBO, ODFW, AREMP
Methods are based on those previously developed by other programs or disciplines (e.g. total station surveys of channels are common among geomorphologists).
Some elements of methods have been tailored for CHaMP objectives of developing a process-based habitat assessment focused on channel-unit scale measurements that are more relevant to fish biology

3. Survey Workflow and Site Layout
One site sampled per 3-person crew per day
Site length approx. 20 bankfull widths
Each site is classified, monumented, and georeferenced
Topographical Survey: Channel geomorphology suveyed with total station (2 crew)
Site and Channel Unit Attributes: Those that are relevant to fish, those that support CHaMP indicators/metrics

4. Site Level Attributes Site map and human influences Site photo points
Solar inputs
Riparian structure and density
Stream temperature
Stream discharge
Water chemistry
Macroinvertebrate drift

5. Site Map Site map is used to:
1. Document the presence of human influence by category
2. Identify and relocate survey benchmarks and the extent of the site
3. Map habitat units and major features

6. Site photos
Pictures are looking upstream, left bank, downstream and right bank
Taken from the center of the bankfull channel at transects 1, 6, 11, 16, and 21
Photos of monuments and temp loggers
Photo show general site change between years

7. Solar Path Finder Solar path finder photos are taken at 5 transects
Photos are oriented to the south to capture solar/thermal input to the stream
Photos are analyzed for thermal inputs for each month of the year

8. Riparian Structure
Riparian plots are located on the left and right banks at 5 transects
Riparian structure and cover is estimated in a 10 by 10 meter riparian plot for the canopy, the understory, and the ground following procedures from Peck et al. 2001
10 m X 10m riparian plot

9. Water/Air Temperature
Water temperature logger is deployed at each site attached to a “charismatic mega boulder”
Air temperature logger isdeployed at each site
Now that is a “Charismatic Mega Boulder” if I ever saw one
Data is retrieved annually

10. Stream Discharge
Discharge is measured immediately upstream of the site
Measure stream depth at each interval and velocity measurements at .6 depth from the bottom
15 to 20 equally spaced intervals across the stream
Measure depth and distance from bank
Extend surveyors tape across channel

11. Macro Invertebrate Drift & Water Chemistry
Drift samples are taken at riffle habitat upstream of the site
Drift net and replicate net deployed 3 hours
Samples are analyzed for dry weight
Conductivity
Phenolphthalein [P] alkalinity.
Total [T] alkalinity

12. Fast-water Nonturbulent
Channel Units
Slow-water Pool
Fast-water Turbulent
Fast-water Nonturbulent
Tier I
Tier II
Riffle
Scour Pool
Cascade
Plunge Pool
Rapid
Dam Pool
Falls/Step
Beaver Pool

13. Channel Unit Attributes
Fish cover
Ocular substrate composition
Pebble counts
Embeddedness estimates
LWD counts
Side channel presence

14. Fish Cover
Substrate
Ocular estimate of each channel unit percentage of substrate composition by size category
210 pebble count representing fast-water habitat
Pebbles are selected and measured
The percentage particles are embedded by sand is visually estimated for pebbles ranging in size from 64 mm to 250 mm.
Subsurface fines are measured at two randomly selected riffles. A net is placed to collect fines as a shovel is used to dig 20 cm into the substrate at 3 randomly selected locations in two riffles. Seives are used to separate and weigh particles less than 2mm and between 2 mm and 6 mm.
Fish cover is visually estimated for each channel unit
Fish cover categories are:
LWD
Vegetation
Undercut banks
Artificial structures
Total fish cover

15. Substrate, embeddedness, and subsurface fines
Ocular estimates of substrate categories for each channel unit
210 pebble count representing site fast-water habitat
Pebbles are selected and measured
The percentage particles are embedded by sand is visually estimated for pebbles ranging in size from 64 mm to 250 mm.
Subsurface fines are measured at two randomly selected riffles. A net is placed to collect fines as a shovel is used to dig 20 cm into the substrate at 3 randomly selected locations in two riffles. Seives are used to separate and weigh particles less than 2mm and between 2 mm and 6 mm.

16. LWD
LWD is tallied according to 9 class sizes that allow for good comparison to other protocols
LWD is tallied by channel unit
LWD not associated with a channel unit is counted at the site level
Jams consisting of 5 qualifying pieces are enumerated for the channel units and at the site level
LWD in jams are tallied as individual pieces
Method allows for broad cross-walking between protocols

17. Side Channels
Side channels between 16 and 49% of the flow will be mapped, channel units identified, and channel unit attributes will be collected
Side channels with less than 16% of flow will be noted and estimates of width and length will be made. No channel unit data will be gathered.

18. Topographic Survey
DEM and TIN development to provide informative, accurate and precise information about channel topography
Collection of (X,Y,Z) points relative to 2 known points
points/site
Points captured at grade breaks

19. Total Station, Data Logger, Tribracht, Tripod

25. Example of a Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN)

26. Example of TIN created using the CHaMP protocol overlaid on an aerial photo taken from a drone. B) Creation of the planform and delineation of habitat units of the site.

28. River Bathymetry Toolkit (RBT)
Thank you all for attending. Dave Nagel, GIS Analyst in Boise.

29. River Bathymetry Toolkit
Suite of GIS tools for processing high resolution DEMs of channels
The goal is to characterize in-stream and floodplain geomorphology

30. ArcGIS Toolbar

31. Bathymetry or bare earth
Input Data
DEM
Bathymetry or bare earth

32. Primary Functions Remove the overall valley trend - Detrending
Generate banks and centerline

33. Generate cross section metrics and graphs
Primary Functions
Create cross sections
Generate cross section metrics and graphs

34. Primary Functions
Longitudinal profile
Export to
HEC-RAS

35. Objective: Remove the overall valley trend
Detrending in the RBT
Objective: Remove the overall valley trend
Original DEM
Detrended DEM
Valley profile
1910 – 1924 m
Detrended profile
99.1 – m

36. Equal elevation at water surface (100 m)
Detrending in the RBT
Purpose: Provide a planar surface for analyzing in-stream characteristics
High
Low
Original DEM
High to low elevation
1924 m
1910 m
100 m
Detrended
Equal elevation at water surface (100 m)
100 m

37. Detrending in the RBT Allows interactive flooding
Depth mapping without flow modeling
Pool
Riffle
Leading to habitat mapping

38. Detrending Output
Detrended grid
Banks and centerline

39. Bankfull Slider

40. Cross Section Explorer

41. Longitudinal Explorer

42. New RBT Metrics for CHaMP
Channel Dimensions
Channel Unit Frequency
Residual Pool Volume
2-D Flow Model
Froude Number
Velocity Heterogeneity
Channel Unit Complexity
Channel Score
DEM of Difference