1. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Chapter 32 Diagnostic Imaging

2. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Radiation Safety Powerful, dangerous –Harmful to fetus Dosimeter Lead aprons

3. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. X-ray Machine Three main parts –Table, tube, control panel

4. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Contrast Media Radiopaque Radiolucent Types –Barium sulfate –Iodine compounds –Air –Carbon dioxide

5. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Patient Preparation Proper preparation essential Positioning the patient –Basic views PA View of Hand >>

6. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Fluoroscopy Views internal organs in motion Contrast medium given

7. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Diagnostic Imaging Positron emission tomography (PET) –Uses computer and radiopharmaceuticals

8. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Diagnostic Imaging Computerized tomography (CT) –Radiation beams produce cross-sectional images –Noninvasive

9. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Diagnostic Imaging Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) –Noninvasive –Cylinder-shaped machine contains electromagnet –Three types of MRI machines >>

10. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Diagnostic Imaging Flat plates –Plain films No special technique or contrast medium Ultrasound –High frequency sound waves used to image –Transducer emits sound waves –Oscilloscope displays visual picture –Noninvasive

11. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Diagnostic Imaging Mammography –Highest resolution and contrast –Fully regulated by the U.S. government –Digitalization

12. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Diagnostic Imaging Filing films and reports –Part of patient’s permanent record –Store in special envelopes in a cool dry place and in the electronic medical record –Property of hospital/facility –Written report by radiologist sent to patient’s physician

13. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Radiation Therapy General use to treat tumors –Inaccessible for surgical treatment –Shrinks tumor

14. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Stereotactic Radiotherapy Beams of radiation from different directions meet at a specific point Uses computerized imagery

15. Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Nuclear Medicine Radioactive compounds (radionuclides) used for: –Diagnosis –Therapy –Research Uses a camera and nearby computer