1. Intermunicipal co-operation Finland Juha Myllymäki Legal Counsel The Association of Finnish Local and Regional Authorities

2. Local authorities Population in Finland 5,3 million 432 municipalities Average 12 083 (2003) Municipalities are self-governing units Provide basic services relating to social welfare, health care, education, culture, environment and technical infrastructure Different forms of co-operation widely used

3. Legal basis for co-operation Local Government Act 1.Joint authorities -legal public entities established by local authorities -set up by an agreement -no private owners/members -any function on behalf of local authorities (health care, vocational education, social welfare, waste, water, etc.) -statutory joint authorities (required by law) -Specialist care, care for mentally disabled, land use planning

4. Legal basis for co-operation 2.Purchase of services - agreement between authorities 3.Service provision by local authority under supervision of a joint organ - services provided by one local authority on behalf of another local authority (“host”) - no separate, legal person - local authority using the service can participate in decision making by naming a representative to the organ in the “host” responsible for producing/organising services

5. Legal basis for co-operation 4.Limited companies -Companies governed by private law -can perform functions other than those involving the use of public power -private shareholders possible

6. Definition of ”In-house ” PP - Scope of application Local authority Ltd 100% Local authority Joint authority Local authority B Private company In-house Limited company private/local authority Joint organ

7. Problems occurred Public procurement - scope of application Host local authority model Other agreements Limited companies and joint authorities owned by two or more local authorities Uncertainty  development stops