1. Please follow the slides in order to complete your study guide for the test!!! Ecology Review

2. First, lets review the hierarchy of ecology. The largest part is known as the BIOSPHERE. Bio= Life Biosphere

3. Biome Biomes are the second part of the ecological hierarchy.

4. Ecosystems Areas with specific Biotic (Living) and Abiotic(non-living) factors. Look at the picture, name two biotic factors and two abiotic factors.

5. Communities A community is a group of interacting populations of a species. For example Zebra, Lions, and Grass all interact.

6. Populations A group of the same organisms living in the same place at the same time.

7. Organism Organism: One individual

8. Next, lets look at food Chains A food web shows one path for energy to flow through an ecosystem. Answer the questions regarding food chains.

9. Food Webs A food web is a group of over lapping food chains. Please answer the following regarding food webs.

10. Carrying Capacity The number of organisms that exist safely in an ecosystem.

11. Over-population When a species grows beyond the limits of its ecosystem.

12. Population Density The number of organisms per given area. Example: The population density in Tokyo Japan is 89,000 people per square mile.

13. Limiting-Factor Any factor Biotic or Abiotic that limits the population of a species.

14. Symbiosis A relationship involving two species that live in close contact with each other.

15. Commensalism When one organisms benefits and the other is not harmed nor helped.

16. Mutualism A relationship in which both organisms benefit.

17. Parasitism When one organism is helped and the other is harmed.

18. Adaptation An adaptation is any change in an organism that benefits its survival. Structural adaptations are changes in an organisms body that help them survive. Behavioral adaptations are changes in an organisms behavior that help them survive.

19. Types of Consumers Producer: Autotroph: creates its own food. Primary Consumer: Heterotroph: Eats producers/ herbivore. Secondary Consumer: Heterotroph: Carnivore Tertiary Consumer: Heterotroph: Carnivore

20. Decomposer Brings down organic waste in the environment.

21. Please review your notes and the slides. I am sure you will do great on the exam tomorrow. Remember your test is timed, just like we practiced. You will have 10 minutes for the multiple choice and 20 for the open response. Do not spend all your time on (Know Do Prove). Use know do prove to jot down your ideas and organize thoughts. Use all the vocabulary and be sure to answer all parts of the question.

22. Invasive Species Organisms that do not belong in an ecosystem. They cause harm. Kudzu Humans Zebra Mussels Pythons in Florida African Honeybee (killerbee)

23. Work Cited http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=one+zebra&view=detail&id=04A27 3B056B189B4D6E422AA66EE38710870327C&first=31&FORM=IDFRIR http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=one+zebra&view=detail&id=04A27 3B056B189B4D6E422AA66EE38710870327C&first=31&FORM=IDFRIR http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/ent425/images/tutorials/ecology/trophic _levels/foodweb.gif http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/ent425/images/tutorials/ecology/trophic _levels/foodweb.gif http://collinsbiomes.wikispaces.com/file/view/food_web_julie.png/133056 829/food_web_julie.png http://collinsbiomes.wikispaces.com/file/view/food_web_julie.png/133056 829/food_web_julie.png http://us.123rf.com/400wm/400/400/paha_l/paha_l1103/paha_l11030046 6/9111950-family-of-three-people-walking-along-beach-sunny-autumn-day.jpg http://us.123rf.com/400wm/400/400/paha_l/paha_l1103/paha_l11030046 6/9111950-family-of-three-people-walking-along-beach-sunny-autumn-day.jpg http://goodnature.nathab.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/Wolves-chase- elk.jpg http://goodnature.nathab.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/Wolves-chase- elk.jpg http://www.agr.state.il.us/programs/bees/images/bee_with_flower.jpg http://goeshealth.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/malaria-parasite.jpg