1. Section 9-3 Expansion in Texas
Mr. King
CCHS

2. Mexico Under Spanish Rule
Spain controlled Mexico for 300 years
 establishes mission to convert Native Americans to Christianity
 missions decline in the early 1800s
Mexican settlers begin to conflict with Native Americans
 Tejanos vs. Comanche & Apache
1821: Mexico wins their independence from Spain

3. Impact of Mexican Independence
Trade increases between Mexico’s northern provinces and the United States (TX-NM-AZ-CA-UT-CO)
Mexico’s government has difficulty governing vast lands
 ignoring their northern provinces
 Native Americans still a threat

4. Americans in Mexican Texas
Americans are invited to the region of Tejas by the Mexican government in 1821
 Empressarios (land grant agents) offer land to U.S. settlers  13 cents/acre
Americans had to promise to obey Mexican laws and observe the Catholic Religion
MAD DASH TO MEXICO!!!
 made by Americans & Europeans

5. Stephen F. Austin Most successful empresario
 gathered 300 families to move to Texas (Old Three Hundred)  they were exempt from paying taxes and received 177 acres
By 1830, 20,000 Americans moved to Texas

6. The Old Three Hundred

7. U.S. Offers to Buy Texas U.S. slogan: “Go to Texas”
Americans wanting to extend U.S. boundaries to the Rio Grande River
John Quincy Adams offers Mexico $1 million
Andrew Jackson offers Mexico $5 million
Mexico refuses
 regrets encouraging Americans to settle there

8. Causes of Tension with Mexico
More people were Anglo than Mexican
 45,  5,000 African Am.
 12,000 N.Am  3,500 Tejanos
Slavery: Mexico outlawed slavery in 1824 but U.S. southern slave owners brought slaves
Government: Anglos believed in States’ Rights but Mexicans believe in strong central government
April 6,1830: Mexico seals their borders
 feared Americans would take Texas
 places import tax on Am. goods

9. Conflict with Mexico Santa Anna
Mexico begins to enforce their laws on white settlers in Texas
Mexican general Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna becomes dictator in Mexico
 he intends to drive Americans out of Texas
Santa Anna has Stephen F. Austin arrested for promoting revolution
 rebellions break out
Santa Anna

10. Texans Take Action October 1835
- Texans clash w/ Mexican troops at Gonzalas
December 1835
- Texans occupied San Antonio and take up positions in an old Spanish mission called Alamo

11. The Alamo

12. Siege at The Alamo William Travis February 23rd, 1836
 Santa Anna laid siege to the Alamo
Texans poorly equipped
 less than 200 vs. 6,000 Mexican troops
Texans declared independence for the Republic of Texas on March 2, 1836.
 during the siege
Santa Anna and his men swarm the garrison
 187 Texans die
 including Jim Bowie, Davy Crockett and Commander William Travis
William Travis

14. Davey Crockett’s Last Stand

15. Texan Independence Sam Houston
Sam Houston made Commander of Texan Army
Battle of San Jacinto:
 Battle Cry of “ Remember the Alamo”
 The battle lasted only 18 minutes.
 Texans killed 630 Mexican troops and captured 700 more.
The day after the Battle of San Jacinto, the Texans captured Santa Anna and made him sign a treaty granting Texas independence.
Sam Houston

16. Battle of San Jacinto

17. Battle of San Jacinto

18. Treaty of Velasco May 14th, 1836 Texas becomes an independent country
Sam Houston becomes president of Texas
- Texas referred to as “The Lone Star Republic”
1838: Texas asks U.S. to be annexed
 issue of slavery (sectionalism) will keep Texas out of U.S. until 1845
Texas will continue to dispute boundary with Mexico

19. Treaty of Velasco

20. Sam Houston
Sam Houston is known as one of the best war heroes in Texas history.
After the Texans won their independence, he was elected the first president.
When Texas became a state, he was elected to the Congress of The United States.

21. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
Santa Anna is known as the villain of Texas History.
After he was captured and signed the treaty that gave Texas its independence, he was banned from Mexico. After about 15 years he was allowed to come back into the country.

22. Stephen Austin
Austin is remembered mostly for leading the people from Utah to Texas before the War.
He is also remembered for his contributions before, during, and after the war.
He died of a disease right after the war.