1. Expansion in Texas
Chapter 9, section 3

2. Main Idea / Key Terms
Mexico offered land grants to American settlers, but conflict developed over religion and other cultural differences and the issue of slavery
Stephen F. Austin
Land grant
Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana
Texas Revolution
Alamo
Sam Houston
Republic of Texas
annex

3. Settling the Southwest
In 3 centuries of Spanish rule, only a few thousand settlers had migrated north into what is now Texas
One reason was tension between Mexican and Native American inhabitants

4. The Mission System Mexico won its independence in 1821
Before this, Spain system of missions tried to convert Native Americans in CA, NM, and TX
The Spanish protected missions by manning nearby presidios, or forts
Natives retaliate against capture by raiding Mexican Tejanos

5. Mexican Independence
In order to help the economy, Mexico loosens restrictions on trade with the U.S.
Gradually, ties loosen between Northern Mexico, and the rest of the country
Mexico is looking for a way to strengthen these ties
Mexico begins to encourage American settlers to move to Texas

6. In 1821, 1823, and 1824, Mexico offered enormous land grants to agents (empresarios)
Sold the land cheap to American settlers who agreed to obey Mexican law
American numbers soon surpassed those of the Tejanos in Texas

7. Stephen F. Austin
Stephen F. Austin established a colony between the Brazos and Colorado Rivers
His colony didn’t allow drunkards, gamblers, profaners, or idlers
This paradise soon gained fame in the U.S., and people flocked to Texas
The U.S. tries to buy Texas from Mexico, but Mexico refuses

8. Texas Independence
1830 – Texas closes its borders and taxes imported goods from America heavily
Mexican politics becomes unstable
Austin travels to Mexico City to petition for greater self government in Texas
The president, Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana, suspends the constitution, and has Austin arrested

9. After revoking several local powers in Texas and other Mexican states, rebellions erupted including the Texas Revolution
In 1835, Texans drive Mexicans from the Alamo, an old mission and fort
In response, Santa Ana drives north, and destroys the Texans there, including Jim Bowie and Davy Crockett

11. The Lone Star Republic
March 1835 – Santa Ana’s troops execute 300 rebels at Goliad
6 weeks later, the Texans strike back
Sam Houston and his troops, behind cries of “Remember the Alamo”, kill 630 Mexicans in the first 18 minutes of fighting and capture Santa Ana
In 1836, Sam Houston becomes the president of the Republic of Texas

13. In 1838, Houston invites the U. S
In 1838, Houston invites the U.S. to annex Texas, or incorporate them into the United States
On December 29, 1845, Texas became the 28th state in the Union
The Mexican government recalled its ambassador from Washington…
Events were moving quickly towards war…