1. Government/Civics Domain

2. Essential Question:
How do government systems distribute power and determine citizen participation?
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should introduce the essential question for the lesson

3. Standards:
SS7CG1a, SS7CG4a, SS7CG6a Describe the ways government systems distribute power: unitary, confederation, and federal
SS7CG1b, SS7CG4b, SS7CG6b Explain how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should introduce the standards that align to the essential question

4. Use your Graphic Organizers to Record Important Information
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should give each student a copy of the graphic organizers [linked on the resource page] to record important information during the lesson.

5. The ways in which government systems distribute power is the relationship between the national or central government and the smaller governmental divisions (states, provinces, counties, regions, and cities)
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the information on the slide

6. Ways Government Distributes Power:
Federal (Federation)
Power to make laws and decisions for the people is SHARED or divided between one central and several regional authorities.
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the information on the slide while the students summarize the important information on their graphic organizer

7. Ways Government Distributes Power
Federation / Federal
Ways Government Distributes Power
Regional Authority
Central Authority
Circles represent the amount of power and the arrows represent the direction the power flows
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the information on the slide while the students illustrate a federal government on their graphic organizer
Notice the circles of the Central and Regional Authorities are similar in size and the arrows go both ways.

8. List of countries with Federal Governments (24)
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Brazil
Canada
Comoros
Ethiopia
Germany
India
Malaysia
Mexico
Micronesia
Nigeria
Pakistan
Russia
St. Kitts and Nevis
South Africa
Spain
Switzerland
United Arab Emirates
United States of America
Venezuela
Countries in Transition to Federalism
Iraq
Sudan
Countries Considering a Federal System
Sri Lanka
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should use the slide (taken from the state ppt) to illustrate some of the countries identified as a Federal government. Information site-

9. Unitary Power is held by one central authority.
Ways Government Distributes Power:
Unitary
Power is held by one central authority.
The central authority has all the power to make laws and decisions for the people.
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the information on the slide while the students summarize the important information on their graphic organizer

10. Ways Government Distributes Power
Unitary
Central Authority
Regional Authority
Circles represent the amount of power and the arrows represent the direction the power flows
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the information on the slide while the students illustrate unitary on their graphic organizer
Notice the Central Authority circle is much larger than the Regional Authority circles and the arrows go from the central out to the regional

11. List of Unitary States Afghanistan Chile People's Republic Hungary
of China
Colombia
Cuba
Egypt
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
France
Greece
Guatemala
Guinea
Haiti
Honduras
Hungary
Iceland
Indonesia
Iran
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Kenya
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Niger
North Korea
Norway
Saudi Arabia
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sweden
Turkey
Uganda
United Kingdom
Vatican City
Vietnam
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should use the slide (taken from the state ppt) to illustrate some of the countries identified as a Unitary government.Information site- (This site has only been utilized to gather a list of countries that fall under a Unitary system. For a more extensive search we would suggest a research based site).

12. Ways Government Distributes Power:
Confederation
Voluntary association of independent states that make their own laws and decisions, but are loosely aligned to a weak central government
Have some common purpose
Agree to certain limitations on their freedom
States maintain considerable independence
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the information on the slide while the students summarize the important information on their graphic organizer
(Politics)

13. Ways Government Distributes Power
Confederation
Central Authority
Regional Authority
Circles represent the amount of power and the arrows represent the direction the power flows
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the information on the slide while the students illustrate a confederation on their graphic organizer
Notice the Regional Authority circles are much larger than the Central Authority circle and the arrows go from regional to central

14. List of Confederations- Today
Iroquois Confederacy (1090–present)
European Union and OPEC
Historic confederations New England Confederation (1643–1684)
United States of America under the Articles of Confederation (1781–1789)
Confederate States of America, (1861–1865)
Fictional confederations
Confederacy of Independent Systems (Star Wars)
Terran Confederation (Wing Commander)
Terran Confederacy (StarCraft)
Capellan Confederation (Battletech)
Confederation of Planet Omega (animated series Once Upon a Time... Space
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should use the slide (taken from the state ppt) to illustrate some of the countries identified as a Confederation. Information site- (This site has only been utilized to gather a list of countries that fall under a Unitary system. For a more extensive search we would suggest a research based site).

15. Distributed Summarizing
Government Distribution of Power Continuum Labeling Task

16. Ways Government Distributes Power
All key powers are held by the central government
State/regional authorities hold most of the power
Unitary
Federal
Confederation
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should use the slide to demonstrate how the distribution of government power falls along a continuum
Strong central government
Weaker central government

17. How do government systems distribute power and determine citizen participation?
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should indicate to students that now the class will focus on the second part of the essential question, citizen participation.

18. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation
High
High
General Citizen Participation
Select Citizens Participate
Government Power
Citizen Participation
Government Power
Government Power
Citizen Participation
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should use the slide to illustrate the three ways governments determine citizen participation
Low or No Participation
Low or No Participation
Low or No Participation
Autocratic
Oligarchic
Democracy

19. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation:
Autocratic
One person possesses unlimited power. The citizen has limited, if any, role in government.
Rule of ONE
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the information on the slide while the students summarize the important information on their graphic organizer

20. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation:
Autocratic
The oldest form of government.
One of the most common forms of government.
Dictator maintains power through inheritance or ruthless use of military and police power.
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the information on the slide while the students summarize the important information on their graphic organizer
Remy, Richard C., United States Government- Democracy in Action (Columbus, OH: Glencoe, McGraw-Hill, 2006)

21. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation:
Forms of Autocratic Govts.
Absolute or Totalitarian Dictatorship
Ideas of a single leader glorified.
Government tries to control all aspects of social and economic life.
Government is not responsible to the people.
People lack the power to limit their rulers.
Examples- Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Joseph Stalin
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the information on the slide
Remy, Richard C., United States Government- Democracy in Action (Columbus, OH: Glencoe, McGraw-Hill, 2006)

22. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation:
Oligarchy
Rule of a few. Sometimes a small group exercises control, especially for corrupt and selfish purposes. The citizen has a very limited role.
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the information on the slide while the students summarize the important information on their graphic organizer

23. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation
Oligarchy
The group gets its power from military power, social power, wealth, religion or a combination.
Political opposition is usually suppressed sometimes violently.
Examples- Communist countries such as China. South Africa during Apartheid
Leaders in the party and armed forces control government.
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the information on the slide while the students summarize the important information on their graphic organizer
Remy, Richard C., United States Government- Democracy in Action (Columbus, OH: Glencoe, McGraw-Hill, 2006)

24. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation
Autocracy & Oligarchy
Sometimes claim they rule for the people.
In reality, the people have very little say in both types of government.
Examples- May hold elections with only one candidate or control the results in various ways.
Examples- Even when these governments have a legislature or national assembly, they often only approve decisions made by the leaders.
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the information on the slide
Remy, Richard C., United States Government- Democracy in Action (Columbus, OH: Glencoe, McGraw-Hill, 2006)

25. How Governments Determine Citizen Participation:
Democracy
Rule of ALL. A country or nation where the people hold supreme power. Usually, they exercise their power by electing officials to represent them.
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the information on the slide while the students summarize the important information on their graphic organizer

26. Song about Types of Government http://www. youtube. com/watch
Song about Types of Government 2min 44sec
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should show the song about types of government to review the concepts of the lesson

27. Government Distribution of Power & Citizen Participation Summarizer
Instructional Approach(s): Each student should complete the summarizer. The teacher should use the summarizer to determine the level of student mastery and if differentiation is needed.