1. World War I Begins Guided Reading Activity
Chapter 19 Section 1
World War I Begins
Guided Reading Activity

2. How did the following help to ignite the war in Europe?
Nationalism:
Made various ethnic groups want to establish independent nations of their own.

3. How did the following help to ignite the war in Europe?
Imperialism:
Encouraged competitiveness between nations. Colonies supplied many raw materials.

4. How did the following help to ignite the war in Europe?
Militarism:
Led to military buildups and a naval arms race.

5. How did the following help to ignite the war in Europe?
Alliances:
Committed nations to support one another if attacked.
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand: (the “spark”)
Led Austria-Hungary to declare war against Serbia, which automatically brought in nations involved in the alliance system.

6. Why did the following groups of Americans tend to oppose U. S
Why did the following groups of Americans tend to oppose U. S. participation in the war?
Naturalized Citizens:
Pacifists:
Had close ties to their home nations and sympathized with
them.
Believed that all wars were evil.
Socialists:
Parents:
Didn’t want their sons to experience the horrors of warfare and to die.
Saw the war as a capitalist and imperialist struggle to control markets and colonies in China, Africa, and the Middle East

7. What did the following nations do to encourage U. S
What did the following nations do to encourage U.S. participation in the war?
Britain:
Inhibited trade between Germany and the U.S.
Emphasized German aggression
Gave the U.S. large orders for war materials and took out large loans from the U.S.

8. Engaged in unrestricted submarine warfare.
What did the following nations do to encourage U.S. participation in the war?
Germany:
Engaged in unrestricted submarine warfare.
Sank the Lusitania (killed people, 128 Americans)and other ships carrying Americans.
Promised to give Mexico American territory.(Zimmerman note)

9. What did the following nations do to encourage U. S
What did the following nations do to encourage U.S. participation in the war?
Russia:
Overthrew the czar and established a more representative government, creating a situation in which the war became one of democracy versus dictatorships.

10. American Power Tips the Balance
Chapter 19 Section 2
American Power Tips the Balance

11. How did the United States raise an Army?
Called for volunteers.
Instituted a draft: Selective Service Act
Members of the first contingent of New Yorkers drafted into the United States Army are shown lined up in front of their barracks at Camp Upton, Long Island, New York, as America enters World War I in AP/WIDE WORLD PHOTOS .

12. How did U.S. soldiers help win the war?
Brought freshness and enthusiasm
Helped stop German advances on Paris and several other French cities

13. How did the U.S. build its naval force?
Volunteers and draft
Accepted women volunteers
Exempted shipyard workers from the draft and ran a public relations campaign to show the importance of shipyard work.
Began using prefabrication to construct ships
Took over commercial and private ships and converted them for war use.

14. How did the U.S. Navy help win the war?
Broke the German blockade by the convoy system
Helped lay down a barrier of mines across the North Sea.

15. What new weapons of mechanized warfare threatened those in combat?
Zeppelins, machine guns, poison gas, grenades, tanks, airplanes.