1. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders Chapter 7 Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

2. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders One or more of the following characteristics, over a long period of time, to a marked degree, which adversely affects a child’s educational performance –  inability to learn that can’t be otherwise explained  inability to build or maintain relationships with peers and teachers  inappropriate types of behavior or expression of feelings  pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression  physical symptoms or fears associated with personal/school problems Includes schizophrenia but excludes social maladjustment

3. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders A disability characterized by behavioral or emotional responses so different from appropriate age, cultural, or ethnic norms that they adversely affect educational performance (academic, social, vocational, and personal skills)  more than a temporary, expected response to stressful events  consistently exhibited in two different settings, one of which is school  unresponsive to direct intervention in general education Emotional and behavioral disorders can co-exist with other disabilities. May include schizophrenia, affective disorders, anxiety disorder, or conduct disorders

4. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders  About 8% of all students  African American students are over- represented  Far more males than females

5. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders  Biological  Heredity  Brain injury pre/post birth  Nutrition  Accident or illness  Psychosocial  Chronic stress at home  Stressful life events  Childhood maltreatment  Other family factors

6. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders Internalizing behaviors  Withdrawal  Easy to overlook Externalizing behaviors  Aggression, acting out  Readily identified

7. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders  Anxiety, fears  Anger, aggression  Low self-esteem  Depression  Problems with social relationships  May need to be taught social skills

8. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders FFeeding and eating disorders- pica, anorexia, bulimia, and rumination. TTourette’s syndrome - stereotyped movements or vocalizations that are involuntary, rapid, and recurring over time. EElimination disorders- soiling (encopresis) and wetting (enuresis) in older children. OOther disorders of infancy, childhood, or adolescence: AAnxiety disorders – GAD, OCD, Separation Anxiety, PTSD, phobias SSelective mutism. RReactive attachment disorder. DDepression, bipolar SSchiziophrenia BBehavioral disorders Conduct disorder Oppositional Defiant Disorder

9. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders

10. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders

11. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders

12. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders

13. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders “Copyright© Allyn & Bacon 2006” What are the Symptoms of ODD? No! I will not #?!*& smile!!!!!!!!!!!

14. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders  Low average to average cognitive ability  Significant academic difficulties  Highest dropout rates of any disability category Do emotional and behavior disorders cause academic problems, or vice versa?

15. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders “Copyright© Allyn & Bacon 2006” Evaluations Assessment Strategies

16. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006 IDEA requires assessment teams to conduct functional behavioral assessments.  Identify the functions of a behavior in relationship to various settings.  Behavior intervention plans to assist the child or youth in developing new more adaptive behaviors. Antecedent (A)Behavior (B)Consequence (C)

17. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders Formal Scales for Assessing Emotional Disturbance Behavior Assessment System for Children Behavior Rating Profile Cognitive and Achievement Assessments Classroom Assessments Other Assessments Family and developmental history Student interviews Medical information

18. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders  Reduce risk factors by  Educating young women about the effects of prenatal alcohol, nicotine, and drug use  Teaching parenting skills  Provide early intervention services  e.g., First Steps to Success program

19. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders  28 % of students are in general education  30 % are in self-contained special education classes  18 % in separate schools or facilities Types of services vary by setting

20. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders

21. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2006  Interventions for young children are directed at lessening and preventing the impact of behavior disorders.  Building positive replacement behaviors.  Promoting appropriate social interactions.  Creating positive behavioral supports across environments.  Providing respite care.  Parent training and foster services.  Counseling.  Communication skills.  Supporting inclusion.

22. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders  Curriculum in general education  Pressure of high expectations  No social skills or anger management training  Social rejection  Lack of mental health treatment options

23. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders  Welcome all students to the learning community  Teach professionals techniques for supporting students in general education  Successful inclusion requires  Strong administrative support  A plan for implementation  Enhanced knowledge and skills for teachers

24. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders  Outcomes are disappointing  High dropout rate  Problems finding and keeping jobs  Improved outcomes result from  Family centered practices  Better access to mental health services  Teaching skills that enhance postschool outcomes  Focused transition programs

25. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders  Prevention through early intervention  Schoolwide positive behavior supports  Effective interagency collaborations  Wraparound services  Functional behavior assessments  Behavior intervention plans

26. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders “Copyright© Allyn & Bacon 2006” Figure 8.1 Levels of Prevention

27. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders “Copyright© Allyn & Bacon 2006”

28. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders  Strategies to enhance student learning (e.g., Personal digital assistants – PDAs)  Peer tutoring  Cooperative learning  Teacher-led instruction

29. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders  Generally low income and single parent families  Parents may have negative interactions with school professionals  Little advocacy exists for families

30. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 Chapter 7: Students with Emotional and Behavior Disorders  Many youth who need services remain unidentified  Better access to services through health care coverage for children is needed  Better professional development on best practices is needed by school personnel