1. Patanan Kridiborworn, Amnat Chidthaisong*,
Mitigating greenhouse gas emissions through mangrove plantation and charcoal production
Patanan Kridiborworn, Amnat Chidthaisong*,
Sirintornthep Towprayoon and Sudarat Tripetchkul1
ถ้าต้องการแทรกภาพนิ่งภาพนี้ลงในงานนำเสนอของคุณ
บันทึกแม่แบบนี้เป็นงานนำเสนอ (แฟ้ม .ppt) บนคอมพิวเตอร์ของคุณ
เปิดงานนำเสนอที่มีภาพนิ่งของภาพ
บนแท็บ ภาพนิ่ง ให้วางจุดแทรกไว้หลังภาพนิ่งที่จะอยู่ด้านหน้าภาพนิ่งของภาพ (ดูให้แน่ใจว่า คุณไม่ได้เลือกภาพนิ่ง จุดแทรกของคุณควรอยู่ระหว่างภาพนิ่ง)
บนเมนู แทรก คลิก ภาพนิ่งจากแฟ้ม
ในกล่องโต้ตอบ ตัวค้นหาภาพนิ่ง คลิกแท็บ ค้นหางานนำเสนอ
คลิก เรียกดู ระบุตำแหน่งและเลือกงานนำเสนอที่มีภาพนิ่งของภาพ และคลิก เปิด
ในกล่องโต้ตอบ ภาพนิ่งจากแฟ้ม เลือกภาพนิ่งที่มีภาพนิ่งของภาพ
เลือกกล่องกาเครื่องหมาย เก็บการจัดรูปแบบตามต้นฉบับ หากคุณไม่ได้เลือกกล่องกาเครื่องหมายนี้ ภาพนิ่งที่เป็นสำเนาจะรับช่วงงานออกแบบของภาพนิ่งที่อยู่ข้างหน้าในงานนำเสนอ
คลิก แทรก
คลิก ปิด
The Jointed Graduate School of Energy and Environment,
and 1School of Bio-resources and Technology
King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi
*Corresponding

2. Outlines Introduction Research Objectives Material & Method
Study site
Biomass measurement
Soil and plant C analysis
Charcoal production and characteristics
Calculation of CO2 reduction potential
Conclusions

3. (Mangrove ) forest and climate change

4. Mangrove and climate change
Ecosystem services
December 2004 Asian tsunami and Hurricane Katrina in 2005 gave the world a new appreciation for mangrove forests.
 mangroves help stabilize shorelines and thus protect lives and property from such natural disasters

5. Mangrove and climate change
Mitigation: Carbon sinks
Soil
Biomass
Renewable energy
Adaptation: Local livelihood, marine/coastal productivity, Safety

6. Status of mangrove forest area in Thailand

7. Loss due to land conversion

8. Objectives
How mangrove plantation and utilization for charcoal production could help mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and support the adaptability of charcoal production community?
Energy replacing LPG
Forest with utilization and management
Renewable
Reduced CO2 emission
Mangrove tree
Charcoal

9. Study site

10. Location site : GIS and GPS mapping
Field surveys
Soil data: % Total C,% Total N, Bulk density
Mangrove plantation & biomass measurements
Charcoal production
Study site
This study will be carried out at Mangrove forest of Yisarn Community in Ampawa, Samutsongkarm Province of Thailand which mangrove forest is found largely on the west coast of Thai Gulf. Yisarn area contain mangrove forest about 30 kilometers wide or about 22,500 Rai and the people in this community are still living in Thai typical lifestyle as farmers or fisherman (Tontaweewong, 1999). The reason why this particular area of Yisarn was chosen as the investigated area is due to the fact that the area have mangrove plantations for commercially purpose in charcoal production from mangrove trees-based materials as an alternative fuel and the people within this community has been growing-cutting mangrove forest in Yisarn for charcoal production for more than 60 years successfully.
In some area along the Thai coastline, communities have lived together with mangrove forest and exploited it with certain level of sustainability for many years. While there are various roles of mangrove forest that help sustains the community, its role in acting as important carbon reservoir contributes significantly to overall global carbon dynamics. Large amounts are stored in mangrove ecosystem, including biomass and sediments. Managing and utilizing this carbon reservoir wisely in thus imperative. The overall objective of this work is to investigate the productivity and biomass accumulation under different schemes of mangrove biomass management and utilization in Tambol Yisarn, Samutsongkram Province.
For a long time that Yisarn community’s mangroves forest area are largely used for biomass energy replacing fossil fuel, which is the dominate income of the people living in this community (Dadepiew, P. 2002). However, ever since 1987 the community’s mangrove forest area has found to be deforest and turn the land into shrimp farming business like many other area near (Tontaweewong, 1999). According to both research from Tontaweewong in 1999 and a book review from Dadepiew in 2002, it was found that over 10,000 Rai of the mangrove forest in Yisarn area was destroyed and people living in the community uses mangrove forest for other purposes instead of growing more forest and cutting them to make biomass production like in the old days.
Source: GIS Map of Samutsongkram Province, Ministry of Interior, 2008

11. 9-12 years

12. Results: Biomass 9.29±1.73 0.28±0.06 0.30±0.05 8.72±1.74 11.39±0.66
3.41±0.25 12
7.73±1.31
0.16±0.05
2.47±0.49
5.09±0.83
10.24±0.66
2.61±0.14 9
1.42±0.35
0.34±0.07
0.41±0.11
0.67±0.23
3.08±0.41
1.41±0.17 6
0.31±0.05
0.16±0.02
0.00±0.00
0.15±0.03
1.00±0.14
1.07±0.13 3
0.07±0.02
0.03±0.01
0.04±0.01
0.47±0.04
0.69±0.05 1
(kg)
Leave
Brance
Stem
(m)
(cm)
Total
Dry weight
Height
DBH
Age (Year)

13. Results: Biomass estimate
Stem dry weight (kg) = (D2H)0.8427,
r2 = 0.99, n= 30

15. Results: Soil carbon Forest age Bulk density (g/cm3)
Soil carbon content
(gC/100 g dry soil)
0.65
4.11 1
0.73
3.47 3
0.57
5.93 6
0.55
5.80 9
5.03 12
0.63
5.73

16. Results: Soil carbon
Increasing?

17. Results: Charcoal production
Parameters
Values
Averaged number of tree at planting
25,000 seedling/ha
Averaged number of tree at harvest
8,900 tree/ha
Volume of stem
112.5 m3/ha
Kiln capacity
30 m3
Charcoal production
4,000-4,500 kg/Kiln
Calorific value
±74.98 Calorie/g
Charcoal production efficiency
22%

18. CO2 Reduction Charcoal-C Biomass-C Burning Photosynthesis ลดการปล่อย
จากแหล่ง 2
Burning
ฟอสซิล
CO2 in the
atmosphere
ทดแทนพลังงาน
Charcoal-C
Replacing
fossil fuel
ฟอสซิล
เช่น
ก๊าซ
หุงต้ม
Photosynthesis
Charcoal production
Biomass-C

19. Mangrove plantation area equivalent
Results
Kiln Owener
Charcoal production
(kg/year)
Mangrove plantation area equivalent
(Rai)
Energy values
(Terrajoules)
Avoided CO2 emission
(ton CO2)
Sai
31,500.00
45.41
0.74
46.62
Malai
75,000.00
108.12
1.76
110.88
Cha-on
48,000.00
69.19
1.13
71.19
Rujee
62,500.00
90.10
1.47
92.61
Boonliam
18,000.00
25.95
0.42
26.46
Sawai
Vichian
50,000.00
72.08
1.18
74.34
Anant
67,500.00
97.30
1.59
100.17
Total
427,500.00
616.26
10.05
633.12

20. CO2eq for the whole area*
Summing up--
Activity
Carbon stock
(ton/ha/yr)
CO2eq
(ton CO2/ha/yr)
CO2eq for the whole area*
(ton CO2/yr)
Soil carbon at 0-20 cm
1.7
6.2
6847
Biomass C
(all but stem) 2
6.9
7598
Charcoal -
6.4
7067
*1014 ha

21. What we have learned?
Local management and utilization of mangrove could be environmentally beneficial.
Mitigation and adaptation interlinks?
Other economic returns/analysis?
More—
Carbon leakage
Integrating into LCS
Supports & sustainability

22. Thank you very much
for you attention!