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Published byClarissa Watson Modified over 9 years ago
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How Tools Work
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The Six Simple Machines Lever Inclined Plane Wedge Screw Pulley Wheel and Axle
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Lever A bar that pivots on a fulcrum — a fixed point Levers apply force to a load Three classes, depending on placement of fulcrum, load, and input force
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Inclined Plane A straight, slanted surface Ex: a ramp Requires less input force than going straight up ***does NOT reduce work (W= f x d)
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Wedge Two inclined planes that move Often used for cutting You a knife down as it cuts apart The sharper the wedge, the greater output force for your input force
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Screw An inclined plane wrapped in a spiral around a cylinder Usually used as fasteners Smaller force over a longer distance The small force of you turning pushes the screw along its spiraled threads
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Pulley A grooved wheel that holds a rope or cable A load is attached to one end of the rope, and the input force is applied to the other end
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Wheel and Axle Two circular objects of different sizes used to create a larger output force Turn the larger circle around a longer distance as the smaller circle, traveling a shorter distance, creates a larger output force The larger the wheel, the less force needed to move the load
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Compound Machines A machine made up of two or more simple machines Most machines in the world, including how your body works, are compound
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Mechanical Advantage How many times a machine multiplies force Mechanical Advantage is calculated by dividing the output force by the input force MA= out/in If MA > 1, the machine helps lift heavy objects If MA < 1, the machine increases the distance and reduces the output force
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Name that Machine!
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