2. Classification Of Matter Integrated Science Dr. May

3. Matter Anything that has mass and occupies space is defined as matter Matter may be invisible to the eye All matter is composed of discrete, tiny particles called atoms

4. Physical States Of Matter All matter exists in one of three physical states: Solid Liquid Gas

5. Solid Matter Definite shape and definite volume Particles cohere rigidly to one another Shape can be independent of the container May be crystalline (salt, sugar, metal) or May be amorphous (plastic, glass, gels)

6. Liquid Matter Definite volume but not a definite shape Particles adhere firmly but not rigidly Takes the shape of the storage container Particles are in close contact with one another but are able to move freely

7. Gaseous Matter Indefinite volume and no fixed shape Particles move independently of each other Particles have gained enough energy to overcome the attractive forces that held them together as solids and liquids

8. Substance Matter with a definite, fixed composition is called a substance Pure substances are either Elements or Compounds

9. Homogeneous Uniform in appearance Same properties throughout Water in each phase is homogeneous in composition

10. Ice Is Solid H 2 O

11. Heterogeneous Matter having two or more physically distinct phases Ice, water, and steam are each homogeneous But, ice in water is heterogeneous and Boiling water is heterogeneous

12. Mixtures A material containing two or more pure substances Can be either Homogeneous or Heterogeneous

13. Classification of Matter

14. Physical Properties Can be determined without altering the composition of the material Density Melting and boiling point Odor and color State of matter (solid, liquid, or gas)

15. Chemical Property Ability of a substance (H 2 ) to form new substances (H 2 O) By reacting with another substance (O 2 ) 2 H 2 + O 2  2 H 2 O or By decomposition H 2 CO 3  H 2 O + CO 2

16. Physical Change Any change in a property of matter that does not result in a change in identity Chopping wood Freezing water Melting sugar Grinding coffee

17. Chemical Change Any change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances with different characteristic properties Burning wood Burning sugar Adding sodium to water

18. Indications Of Chemical Reactions Evolution of heat and light Burning propane Production of a gas Soda and vinegar Formation of a precipitate Silver nitrate in salt water

19. The End This presentation was created for the benefit of our students by the Science Department at Howard High School of Technology Please send suggestions and comments to rmay@nccvt.k12.de.us