1. P. Ribeiro October, 2002 1 Power Electronics Conditioners: Configuration Performance Power Quality Cost Issues Introductory Considerations Paulo F. Ribeiro, BSEE, MBA, PHD, PE CALVIN COLLEGE Engineering Department Grand Rapids, MI 49546 http://engr.calvin.edu/PRibeiro_WEBPAGE/ PRIBEIRO@CALVIN.EDU

2. P. Ribeiro October, 2002 2 Power Quality issues are becoming more complex and requiring additional considerations as more advanced generation and load-controlled techniques and power electronics conditioners are utilized. This paper makes some initial considerations regarding power electronics conditioners configurations, performance, power quality, and cost issues. The paper reviews the possible configurations and discusses a number of technical issues and trade-offs resulting design optimization process for different applications.

3. P. Ribeiro October, 2002 3 Power Electronics Conditioners – Configurations Shunt Series Shunt - Series Interface Configurations

4. P. Ribeiro October, 2002 4 Voltage Source Converter Current Source Converter Power Electronics Conditioners – Configurations Converter Topologies

5. P. Ribeiro October, 2002 5 Voltage Source Converter Power Electronics Conditioners – Configurations Preferred Topology

6. P. Ribeiro October, 2002 6 Power Electronics Conditioners – Design Decision Tree

7. P. Ribeiro October, 2002 7 Power Electronics Conditioners Performance Considerations

8. P. Ribeiro October, 2002 8 Electronic Loads Sensitivity Reliability FACTS as a Power Quality Controller FACTS as a Power Quality Value Added Benefit Advanced FACTS Devices Can Further Improve PQ Control Power Quality Compatibility Issues Power Electronics Conditioners Power Quality Considerations

9. P. Ribeiro October, 2002 9 Power Electronics Conditioners Power Quality Considerations

10. P. Ribeiro October, 2002 10 Power Electronics Conditioners Cost Considerations In order to establish a realistic cost estimate for a power electronics conditioner system, the following steps are suggested: identify the system issue(s) to be addressed; select preliminary conditioner characteristics (power, voltage and current requirements; model s/ study performance in response to system demands to establish effectiveness of the device; optimize system specification and determine system cost; determine utility financial benefits from conditioner; compare conditioner’s cost and utility financial benefits to determine adequacy of utility’s return on investment.

11. P. Ribeiro October, 2002 11 While each system shall be tailored to individual utility needs and applications the target should be to minimize the costs on a per kilowatt basis of the lowest cost generation units. On a per unit active or reactive power basis, the new class of devices will cost more than the costs for traditional devices, but will provide a much higher performance which needs to be thoroughly evaluated. Power Electronics Conditioners Cost Considerations

12. P. Ribeiro October, 2002 12 Power Electronics Conditioners Cost Considerations

13. P. Ribeiro October, 2002 13 Conclusions In the design optimization process for specifying power conditioners several technical and cost issues need to be considered. The designer has overcome several technical challenges that will bring about adequate performance at a cost competitive with other technologies. It should be noted that the performance of power conditioners can improved by the utilization of new topologies and technologies and the use of energy storage to its capabilities. The the overall system dynamic performance improvement is very dependent on the location where a compensator is connected. The next presentations will go into the details of some of the generic observations made here.

14. P. Ribeiro October, 2002 14 8:20 am - P1 - Introductory Considerations. P.F. Ribeiro, USA 8:45 am - P2 - Modeling Considerations of FACTS Devices. L. A. S. Pilotto, Brazil 9:10 am - P3 - Power Quality Considerations on Shunt/Series Current and Voltage Conditioners - E. H. Watanabe, M. Aredes, Brazil 9:35 am - P4 - Voltage Control Performance Enhancement by Adding Energy Storage to Shunt Connected Voltage Source Converters. M. Steurer, S. Eckroad, USA Session 16 – Power Electronics Conditioners: Configuration Performance Power Quality Cost Issues

15. P. Ribeiro October, 2002 15 Session 17 – FACTS, Power Compensation and Equipments 10:30 am - An Overview of Static VAR Compensators Technology Evolution on a Brazilian Generation and Transmission Utility. M. C. Lima, H. Tyll, C. S. Araújo, Brazil 10:55 am - A New Technique to Control Reactive Power Oscillations Using STATCOM, T. M. L. de Assis, E. H. Watanabe, L. Alberto S. Pilotto, R. B. Sollero, Brazil 11:20 am - Lecture 3 – Advanced FACTS Devices and Applications: Performance, Power Quality and Cost Considerations, P. Ribeiro, USA