1. FRIENDS and WAR The mission of the Power Center for Utility Explorations is to explore all energy issues holistically and to develop innovative solutions to complex electric power engineering and energy problems involving multidisciplinary teams to address issues in electricity infrastructure.The mission of the Power Center for Utility Explorations is to explore all energy issues holistically and to develop innovative solutions to complex electric power engineering and energy problems involving multidisciplinary teams to address issues in electricity infrastructure. Alex Domijan Professor, Director, Editor-in-Chief International Journal of Power and Energy Systems Power Quality and Distributed Energy Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering University of South Florida Tampa, FL 33620 (813) 974-5416 alexd@eng.usf.edu Power Center for Utility Explorations

2. Exploration of Damage and Outage Mitigation to our Electrical Grid due to Weather Techniques must take into account present and next generation grid systems Must be economic, flexible and reliable for several decades Long term planning and implementation strategies must harmonize with short term solutions. Power Center for Utility Explorations

3. Traditional Grid Structure Evolution to Central Station plus Distributed/On-Site Generation with Integrated Real-Time Network Management & Demand Response Power Center for Utility Explorations

4. Suggested Objectives Development of an Electrical Infrastructure that 1.Is hardened for weather and reliable operation, 2.Permits real time monitoring and control, and 3.Enables reverse power flow which allows for distributed generation systems to be reliably and cost effectively inserted into present electrical grids. Power Center for Utility Explorations

5. Flexible, Reliable, Intelligent Electrical eNergy Delivery Systems (FRIENDS): Example of Grid Configuration

6. FRIENDS and Advanced Substation Designs (Quality Control Centers)

7. FRIENDS: Example of an Advanced Substation (Quality Control Center)

8. Weather and Reliability (WAR) Unique Investigation into the effects of weather conditions on reliability Involving over 100 people over 4 years Ongoing monitoring, database development, analysis, and assessment/prediction tools. Analysis/monitoring involving most of Florida Normalization of reliability indices for weather variations in temp, pressure, wind, lightning, humidity, etc, by region Robust solutions in terms of neural network modeling. Power Center for Utility Explorations

9. System Under Study Power Center for Utility Explorations

10. ANN PREDICTION RESULTS Interruptions vs Weather conditions

11. STATISTICAL METHODS Interruptions vs Weather conditions  Regression Results for all FPL Multiple Variable Linear Regression Analysis : Wind and Rain vs N (Primary only)

12. Hardening and Preparedness vs Weather Conditions  Not all weather parameters have major contributions towards interruptions.  Determination of Hot Spots is feasible (harden hot spots first).  The contribution of the weather parameters towards interruptions depends on the geographical conditions of the area under consideration.  Tree trimming, grid equipment design, backup equipment, and crew allocation strategies are appropriate goals with the tools being developed.  The USF Power Quality and Distributed Energy Laboratory can serve as a resource for the PSC and Florida utilities in an ongoing basis by providing information on preparedness vs reliability on a real-time basis (important for public safety and economic operation of our utility grid).

13. Power Quality and Distributed Energy Laboratory Key Suggestion: Provide unique existing capabilities already in Florida to monitor power quality and reliability in real time state-wide. Background: - Can monitor power systems real-time worldwide - First facility in the world with the capability to generate 3-phase arbitrary voltages and currents to apply to devices under test. Advanced Power Line Conditioners Various waveform generators Three-phase Power Amplifier Precision Power Measurement Standard Transconductance three-phase amplifiers Dynamometer Remote monitoring systems various motor generator systems Advanced Relay testing systems Power Center for Utility Explorations

14. Examples of Improving Reliability via Advanced Power Electronics Premium Power Park Mvar injected by the ASVC Alternate Feeder voltage Load voltage Load Current DVR injected voltage Preferred feeder voltage

15. Distributed Energy A Barrier to Implementation in the Grid: Interface/Grid Connection Power Center for Utility Explorations

16. EXAMPLE: WIND POWER EFFECTS Power Center for Utility Explorations

17. SOLUTION for Non-dispatchable energy resources (Wind, Solar, Ocean, etc.) Power Center for Utility Explorations