1. Software Analysis Tools
Northeast Asian Power Grid Interconnection
Shenzhen，May 7, 2002
Software Analysis Tools
Felix Wu
University of Hong Kong

2. Software Tools: Functions
Planning tools
Cost / benefit analysis of alternative plans
Financial risk assessment
Feasibility of plans: identify potential operating disasters
Operating tools
Engineering design
Operational procedure
Data requirement
Interactions of the tools

3. Interactions of Software Tools
Planning tools:
Benefits
- Economy
- Environment
Investments
Risk
Investment
decisions
Operation tools:
Performance analysis
-Stability
Control system design
Schematic
update

4. Investment Decision Support
Investment costs
Fixed cost
Operating costs
Calculating capital costs
Assumptions
Accounting practice
Estimating operating costs
How the system operates
Plant availability
Merit order loading (Unit commitment and economic dispatch)
Production costing simulation

5. Production Simulation
Simulate power system operation
To calculate production cost
From each generator and for the whole system
Energy, fuel, pollution, etc.
Load
Forecast load-A.
Generation
Existing generation A
Export to B
Merit order
Load
Forecast load-B
Generation
Existing generation B
Import from the interconnection.
Merit order

6. Production Costing Simulation
Load (GW) Annual Load Curve
(Week)

7. Production Costing Simulation
Load (GW) Annual Load Curve

8. Probabilistic Production Costing
Taking into account of uncertainties in generator scheduling, forced outages, hydro availability, etc.
Multi-year breaking down to a series of monthly or weekly simulations
Output provides information of
Fuel usage and cost
Pollution generated
Reliability level (Loss of load probability)
System marginal cost
Can be used to assess benefits (economical and environmental) of interconnection.
Data requirements

9. Data Input data Output data Main tool in generation planning
Load demand (peak load growth and load shape)
Generator capacity, availability, fuel type, heat rate, start-up/ shutdown cost, pollution generation
Fuel cost
Output data
System reliability
System and individual generator operating cost (fuel, O&M), emission…..
Main tool in generation planning

10. Multi-area Production Costing
Two approaches
Simultaneous simulation
External input
Determine transfer capability between areas
Rated and actual
Transmission planning tool
Estimate transfer schedule
Model import as generator and export as load in production costing
Deterministic or probabilistic modeling

11. Generation Planning Requirement for generation addition
Reliability (Loss of load probability)
What, where, when and how much to add
Scenario study
Optimization approach
Production costing

12. Commercial Software Packages
PROSYM
UPLAN
EGEAS

13. PROSYM Developed by Henwood Energy Services.
More than 80% of utilities in the North American use it.
Scenario modeling
Stand-alone production costing or comprehensive optimal generation planning.
Detailed representation of performance, cost and constraint characteristics of physical and financial resources

14. UPLAN Developed by LCG Consulting
Advanced algorithms to simplify computations
PC based
Multi-area capability

15. EGEAS Developed by Stone and Webster for EPRI (USA).
Advanced optimization techniques
Detailed production costing

16. Transmission Planning
Siting
Route selection
Capacity
Costing
Scenario generation
Performance analysis
Fixed configurations (snap shot)
Power flows, optimal power flows, stability

17. Data Requirements Input data Output data Transmission network
Configuration
Parameters
Generation
configuration
Cost
Load
Output data
Power flow pattern
Constraint violations

18. Software Packages PSAPAC (EPRI, USA)
DSA Power Tools (PowerTech Labs, Canada)
PSS/E (Power Technologies, Inc. USA)
EuroStage (EDF)
Netomac (Siemans)
Power System Toolbox (Cherry Tree)

19. PSAPAC Comprehensive modeling Advanced algorithms
Accurate and reliable performance
Extensive data requirement
Elaborate output

20. Major Components of PSAPAC
INFLOW: Interactive power flow analysis
ETMSP: Extended transient and mid-term stability program
SSSP: Small signal stability program
VSTAB: Voltage stability analysis
DYREN: Dynamic reduction program

21. Power System Toolbox Characteristics Capability Functions
A set of coordinated Matlab files
Source code availability
Capability
Designed for small to medium sized system (800 nodes, 200 generators)
Functions
Load flow
Transient stability
Small signal stability

22. Calibration of Tools UPLAN PST PROSYM PSAPAC Planning
Operation
UPLAN
PST
PROSYM
PSAPAC
More detailed modeling
More data

23. Conclusion
For the Northeast Asian Power Interconnection Study, the following factors should be considered in the selection of software tools
Achievement of objectives
Minimum data requirement
Commonly used
Transparent
Ease of use

24. Conclusion For a preliminary study, we recommend that
For a particular analysis, a software is selected as the defacto standard
The interface between countries are specified according to the data requirement of that software
Each member country can use the standard software or their own software for their part of the analysis
The results are shared with the group
Nautilus conducts an overall study and also provides assistance to each member country.

25. Conclusion
We recommend that UPLAN and Matlab/PST be used initially for the preliminary study. More sophisticated tools may be used for future engineering analysis.