1. Liz LaRosa 5th grade science www.middleschoolscience.com 2010
Groups of Minerals
Liz LaRosa 5th grade science

2. Mineral Groups - Notes
As you view the slides, write your notes into the graphic organizers.
Include all the information from each slide into the appropriate boxes. Write neatly and carefully.
You will not be expected to memorize this information, but this information will be used as a reference throughout our mineral unit and help you become familiar with the different types of minerals that exist.

3. Mineral Groups
Minerals are divided into groups based on their chemical composition
The two main groups all minerals can be classified into are:
Silicates
Nonsilicates

4. Silicates Made of Silicon (Si) and Oxygen (O)
Example: SiO4
Make up 90% of the Earth’s crust
Combine with elements such as Aluminum (Al), Iron (Fe), Magnesium (Mg), and Potassium (K)

5. Silicates - Groups Nesosilicates Willemite – Zn2(SiO4)
found in Franklin, NJ
Garnet - A3B2(SiO4)3

6. Silicates - Groups
Sorosilicates
Hemimorphite
Zn4(SiO4)

7. Silicates - Groups
Cyclosilicates
Beryl
Be3Al2(Si6O18)

8. Silicates - Groups Inosilicates Hornblende
(Ca,Na)2(Mg,Fe,Al)5(Al,Si)8O22 (OH)2

9. Silicates - Groups
Phyllosilicates
Talc
Mg3(Si4O10)(OH)2

10. Silicates - Groups
Tectosilicates
Quartz
SiO2
Opal
SiO2.nH2O

11. Nonsilicates
Do not contain a combination of Silicon (Si) and Oxygen (O) in their chemical composition
There are 6 groups of nonsilicates:
Native Elements
Oxides
Carbonates
Sulfates
Halides
Sulfides

12. Native Elements Minerals composed of only one element Examples are:
Gold (Au)
Copper (Cu)
Silver (Ag)*

13. Oxides Elements combine with Oxygen (O)
Some elements that bond with O are Aluminum (Al) and Iron (Fe)
Examples of oxides:
Chromite - FeCr2O4
Hematite* - Fe2O3

14. Carbonates Contain Carbon (C) and Oxygen (O) in their formulas
Examples:
Calcite - CaCO3
Malachite* - Cu2CO3(OH)2

15. Sulfates Contain Sulfur and Oxygen (SO4) Examples: Gypsum - CaSO4.2H2O
Barite - BaSO4
Celestite* - SrSO4

16. Halides
Compounds formed when Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Iodine (I), or Bromine (Br) bond with Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), or Calcium (Ca)
Examples:
Halite - NaCl
Fluorite - CaF2

17. Sulfides
Elements bonded with Sulfur (S) such as Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), or Nickel (Ni)
Examples:
Galena - PbS
Pyrite - FeS2