1. Content Vocabulary supplement deficiency fat-soluble water-soluble
night blindness
beta-carotene
antioxidant
free radicals

2. The idea that vitamins and supplements can cure anything is apparent in today’s advertising.
A pill, powder, liquid, or the like containing only nutrients 2

3. Vitamin Safety
Too little or too much of any vitamin or mineral is harmful to health. 3

4. Vitamin Safety
A vitamin can cure only the disease caused by a deficiency of that vitamin.
An overdose of any vitamin can make people as sick as a deficiency and even cause death.
deficiency
Too little of a nutrient in the body 4

5. Vitamin Safety
The two classes of vitamins are: fat-soluble and water-soluble.
fat-soluble
Able to dissolve in fat and tend to remain in the body
water-soluble
Able to travel in the body’s watery fluids and leave the body readily in the urine 5

6. Vitamin Safety
Vitamins are dangerous in high doses, but minerals are even more dangerous.
Minerals can cause illness when taken in doses slightly above recommended levels.
A balanced diet supplies the correct amount of vitamins and minerals. 6

7. Vitamin A
Vitamin A is important to many body processes. 7

8. Vitamin A Night blindness is an early sign of a vitamin A deficiency.
A slow recovery of vision after flashes of bright light at night 8

9. Vitamin A Vitamin A: Protects vision. Helps fight infections.
Maintains normal, healthy skin.
Promotes growth. 9

10. Vitamin A
Too Little or Too Much
Vitamin A dissolves into body fat and can build up toxic to levels.
Vitamin A toxicity symptoms include nausea, vomiting, headache, blurred vision, weakness of the bones and muscles, and liver damage.

11. Vitamin A
Beta-carotene
Beta-carotene is the form of vitamin A that comes from plants.
beta-carotene
An orange vegetable pigment that the body can change into the active form of vitamin A

12. Vitamin A Beta-carotene
Beta-carotene can never cause dangerous build-ups to occur.
Only vitamin A from supplements or fortified foods poses the threat of toxicity.

13. Vitamin A
Beta-carotene
Beta-carotene plays a special role as an antioxidant nutrient.
antioxidant
Defends the body against destructive compounds

14. Vitamin A
Beta-carotene
Antioxidants defend the body against destructive compounds called free radicals.
free radicals
Substances that trigger damaging chain reactions in the cells of the body

15. Best Sources or Fortified Foods
Vitamin A
Best Sources or Fortified Foods
The best sources of beta-carotene are:
Dark green vegetables.
Deep yellow and orange fruits and vegetables.

16. Best Sources or Fortified Foods
Vitamin A
Best Sources or Fortified Foods
The best sources vitamin A of an animal origin are:
Liver
Fish oil
Fortified milk and/or milk products

17. Vitamin E
Eating foods rich in vitamin E may help protect against heart disease. 17

18. Vitamin E Vitamin E is an antioxidant nutrient.
Good sources of vitamin E are:
Raw vegetable oils.
Cereal grains.
Nuts.
Fruits.
Vegetables. 18

19. Thiamin
To get enough thiamin and other nutrients, a teen must eat many servings of nutritious foods each day. 19

20. Thiamin Thiamin helps the body use energy from other
nutrients including:
Carbohydrates
Fats
Protein. 20

21. Thiamin Mild symptoms of thiamin deficiency include: Stomachaches
Headaches
Fatigue
Restlessness 21

22. Thiamin Mild symptoms of thiamin deficiency also include:
Problems sleeping
Chest pains
Fevers
Anger and aggression
Symptoms that can be mistaken for mental illness 22

23. Thiamin Severe symptoms of thiamin deficiency include: Paralysis
Loss of muscle tissue
Swelling
Enlarged heart
Irregular heartbeat
Death from heart failure 23

24. Folate and Vitamin B12
Folate and vitamin B12 illustrate why it is important to eat foods from each of the food groups. 24

25. Folate and Vitamin B12
Folate is found in fresh, leafy green vegetables.
Vitamin B12 is found in meat and milk.
Though found in different food groups, folate and vitamin B12 work together in the body. 25

26. Folate and Vitamin B12
Folate deficiency causes anemia, weakened immunity, and abnormal digestion.
Vitamin B12 deficiency causes anemia and abnormal nerve and muscle function 26

27. Section Review: Reviewing the Vocabulary
The two classes of vitamins are __________ and __________ .
fat-soluble
Able to dissolve in fat and tend to remain in the body
water-soluble
Able to travel in the body’s watery fluids and leave the body readily in the urine

28. Section Review: Reviewing the Vocabulary
A __________ is a condition in which the body lacks an essential nutrient.
deficiency
Too little of a nutrient in the body