1. Protestant Reformation By Meghean Dougherty and Nicole Slivka

2. The Protestant Reformation - Background Information In 1517, Martin Luther reformed against the Pope and the Catholic church because the Bible was only written in Latin. In 1517, Martin Luther reformed against the Pope and the Catholic church because the Bible was only written in Latin. The majority of the population didn’t understand Latin and had to rely on what the Pope said was in the Bible. The majority of the population didn’t understand Latin and had to rely on what the Pope said was in the Bible. The supporters of the Reformation became known as Protestants. The supporters of the Reformation became known as Protestants. Henry VIII wrote a book against Luther. The Pope gave him the title ‘Defender of the Faith’. Henry VIII wrote a book against Luther. The Pope gave him the title ‘Defender of the Faith’. Henry VIII Started the church in England and became head of it instead of the Pope. Henry VIII Started the church in England and became head of it instead of the Pope.

3. Martin Luther Martin Luther was temperamental, Martin Luther was temperamental, peevish, egomaniacal and argumentative. peevish, egomaniacal and argumentative. He became a monk in 1505. His father was disappointed because he wanted him to become a Lawyer. He became a monk in 1505. His father was disappointed because he wanted him to become a Lawyer. Luther earned a doctorate in Theology and began to make his own. Luther earned a doctorate in Theology and began to make his own. In 1521, Luther had warrants out for his arrest. He was hidden in the castle where he translated the Bible into German. In 1521, Luther had warrants out for his arrest. He was hidden in the castle where he translated the Bible into German.

4. 95 Theses Martin Luther wrote the 95 Theses. Martin Luther wrote the 95 Theses. It contained 95 reasons. He thought that only educated people should argue the points. It contained 95 reasons. He thought that only educated people should argue the points. The pamphlet was written in Latin. The general public could not read it. The pamphlet was written in Latin. The general public could not read it. It was later translated into German so everyone could read it. It was later translated into German so everyone could read it. This pamphlet helped lead to the Reformation. This pamphlet helped lead to the Reformation.

5. Printing the Bible Johann Gutenberg perfected the printing press. Johann Gutenberg perfected the printing press. He first mass produced the Bible. He first mass produced the Bible. It was printed in Latin but then printed in German. It was printed in Latin but then printed in German. It was named the Gutenberg Bible after its printer and also called the 42-line Bible. It was named the Gutenberg Bible after its printer and also called the 42-line Bible. Ht Bible was printed in a German Gothic print to look like it was handwritten. Ht Bible was printed in a German Gothic print to look like it was handwritten.

6. The Peace of Augsburg Signed in 1555. Signed in 1555. German leaders became more powerful. German leaders became more powerful. The Protestant leaders took over land that belonged to the Roman Catholic Church. The Protestant leaders took over land that belonged to the Roman Catholic Church. Princes became the head of the Church in his territory. Princes became the head of the Church in his territory.

7. Calvinism John Calvin was born in Noyon, Picardy in 1509. John Calvin was born in Noyon, Picardy in 1509. John went to University of Paris to study Theology and went to Orleans and Bourges to study law. John went to University of Paris to study Theology and went to Orleans and Bourges to study law. After his father died, he studied religion. After his father died, he studied religion. Calvin was an admirer of Erasmus. Calvin was an admirer of Erasmus.

8. The Church of England Henry VIII started the church of England after Catholic Church wouldn’t give him a divorce. Henry VIII started the church of England after Catholic Church wouldn’t give him a divorce. People were mad at the Catholic Church because they had to pay for everything. People were mad at the Catholic Church because they had to pay for everything. In 1534 the pope’s power was put to an end and Henry was made Supreme Head of the Church. In 1534 the pope’s power was put to an end and Henry was made Supreme Head of the Church. Henry checked the monks to make sure they were doing their jobs. Henry checked the monks to make sure they were doing their jobs. Monks became corrupt. Monks became corrupt.

9. The Counter-Reformation Catholic Church started its own reforms. Catholic Church started its own reforms. Society of Jesus (Jesuits)- was founded by Ignatius of Loyola. Society of Jesus (Jesuits)- was founded by Ignatius of Loyola. Wanted to return to the strictness and obedience of the Catholic Church and its hierarchy. Wanted to return to the strictness and obedience of the Catholic Church and its hierarchy. Ignatius wrote a book called Spiritual Exercises. Ignatius wrote a book called Spiritual Exercises. The Jesuit movement started out with ten members and by 1630 had over fifteen-thousand members all over the world. The Jesuit movement started out with ten members and by 1630 had over fifteen-thousand members all over the world.

10. The Council of Trent Central part of the Counter- Reformation. Central part of the Counter- Reformation. The Pope didn’t attend meetings. The Pope didn’t attend meetings. It was in session for eighteen years. It was in session for eighteen years. It had twenty-five formal sessions. It had twenty-five formal sessions. It was important to the development of the Church. It was important to the development of the Church.