1. Launch List 1. Copy Objective 4 2. Have a blank sheet of paper out to take notes.

5. 4. Explain where the power to rule comes from(3).

6. Notes Be sure to write the date on the top.

7. Origins of the State Where does power to rule come from?

9. 4 Theories of Government

10. 1. The Force Theory An individual or group claims control over a territory and forces the population to submit.

14. 2. Evolutionary Theory population formed out of primitive families. The heads of these families became the government. When these families settled in one territory and claimed it as their own, they became a sovereign state.

16. 3. Divine Right Theory God created the state, making it sovereign. The government is made up of those chosen by God to rule a certain territory. The population must obey their ruler.

21. 4. Social Contract Theory All political power comes from the will of the people.

22. Social Contract Theory Social contract theory holds that the people can withhold power from an unjust government.

24. 3. Describe how Thomas Hobbes and John Locke viewed government.

25. Thomas Hobbes 1588-1679 life was "short, nasty, and brutish." - that people were naturally evil. To create order we need to give up power to a king or dictator.

26. John Locke 1632-1704 Humans are social and needed to get along to survive. Government power was needed to protect rights.

27. Basic Types of Government In a dictatorship, all powers are held by one person or group. In a democracy, authority lies with the people.

28. Forms of Government Describe the different types of democracy. What is the difference between a dictatorship and a democracy? How are a parliamentary and a presidential government different?

31. 1. Direct Democracy pure democracy, the people pass laws by discussing and voting on them in meetings, such as town meetings.

32. 2. Representative Democracy the people elect agents who make and carry out the laws.

33. 3. Dictatorships A person or group holds absolute and unchallenged authority over the people, who have no say in government.

35. Governments around the world

36. Parliamentary Government Legislature chooses the executive, which is part of the legislature and under its control. (A majority of world governments use the parliamentary system.)

39. United Kingdom (Great Britain, England)

40. The United Kingdom Is a constitutional monarchy. Most power lies with the Parliament, which is elected by the people. The queen is the head of state, while the head of government is the Prime Minister, who is the head of the leading party in Parliament.

43. United States

44. Is a constitution-based federal republic. President and members of Congress are chosen by the people.

45. Presidential Government A presidential government divides executive and legislative power between two branches. The details of this separation of powers are spelled out in a constitution.