1. NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURE IN S.C.
SC Indians were part of the Woodland Indians
They developed agriculture and pottery
They also hunted
They built semi-permanent villages

2. Period
Date
Livelihood
Artifacts/
Events
Pre-projectile point
13,000-9,000
B.C.
Big Game Hunting
Scrappers/
Choppers
Paleo-Indian
9,000-8,000 B.C.
Hunting
Small stone tools
Spear points
Archaic
8,000-1,000 B.C.
Hunting and Gathering
Thick bowls
Ground stone axes, bows/arrows
Woodland
1,000 B.C. – A. D. 1,150
Hunting, Gathering and Gardening
Small villages
Burial mounds
Small arrowheads
Polished axes
Mississippian
A.D
Hunting, Gathering, small farming
Large villages
Temple mounds
Axes/arrowheads
Decorated pottery
Historic
A.D. 1500
Hunting, Gathering, Farming, Trading
(Spanish/french/
English settlers)

4. CLANS AND FAMILY Clans named after animals
Kinship came from the female side of the family

5. GOVERNMENT / CHIEFS DECISIONS MADE BY CONSENSUS OF ALL ADULTS
WOMEN COULD BE CHIEFS
SEPARATE CHIEFS FOR WAR AND PEACE

6. ROLES OF MEN AND WOMEN
MEN – HUNTED, CLEARED LAND, WENT TO WAR, TAUGHT THE BOYS (fire was used to clear the land)
WOMEN – PLANTED AND HARVESTED THE CROPS, TRAINED THE GIRLS

7. RELIGIOUS BELIEFS BELIEVED IN LIFE AFTER DEATH
BELIEVED SPIRITS LIVED IN ALL THINGS
THE GREAT SPIRIT WAS THE CREATOR OF EVERYTHING
SHAMAN – MEDICINE MAN WHO LED IN WORSHIP

8. CROPS MAIZE (CORN) WAS THE PRIMARY CROP
ALSO PLANTED SQUASH, BEANS, MELONS, PUMPKINS, TOMATOES AND POTATOES

9. HUNTING USED STONE ARROWHEADS
DEER – THE PRIMARY ANIMAL THAT WAS HUNTED. THEY ALSO HUNTED BEAR, TURKEY, BUFFALO AND OTHER ANIMALS

10. VILLAGES AND HOUSES VILLAGES WERE USUALLY BUILT ALONG RIVERS
SC INDIANS LIVED IN WIGWAMS OR LONGHOUSES
PALISADES WERE WALLS BUILT AROUND THE VILLAGES FOR PROTECTION
MOUNDS WERE CONSTRUCTED AS BURIAL OR TEMPLE SITES