1. Archaic Indians- “old” Three periods: Early, Middle, and Late Early Archaic Period, 8000 B.C.- 5000 B.C. -began hunting smaller game such as bear, turkey, deer, and rabbit - made tools such as: choppers, drills, and chipping tools made from deer antlers - archeologists believe they may have traded with different Indian groups - they moved each season: Fall-found berries, fruit, and nuts; Summer- fished; always to find food

2. Middle Archaic Periods 5000 B.C. Area began to grow warmer, waters receded, and people began eating shellfish Books made from animal bones have been found from this period Indians made hooks attached to end of weighted spears This made gathering food easier and people didn’t move as often in search of food. small groups banded together to form camps

3. Late Archaic Period 4000 B.C -1000 B.C. Made a grooved axe, developed horticulture, depended on shellfish as main staple of diet Villages became more permanent Food was prepared using pottery for cooking, storing, and serving food **greatest contribution to Native American culture (pottery) Believed to have used a grinding stone to make flour

4. Woodland Indians 1000 B.C. – 1000 A.D. Tribes formed (several hundred families banded together) Lived together in small villages Made huts from small trees and bark, roofs made from grass or bark with holes at top to let smoke out Slept on fiber mats

5. Woodland Indians (cont.) Bunted with bow and arrows Arrows made from stones, shark teeth, and deer antlers Gathered nuts and berries Farmed squash, sunflowers, and wild greens Made pottery last longer by cooking in a fire Had elaborate religious ceremonies/burials- life after death belief

6. Mississippian Indians ***Highest prehistoric civilization in Georgia*** 700 A.D. Also called the ‘Temple Mound Period’; a time when people villages, farmed, and were every religious Grew Maize (corn), beans, squash, pumpkins, and tobacco (they used this in their ceremonies) Planted in different fields each year to preserve soil fertility

7. Mississippian Indians Wore more ornate clothes with beads Wore ear ornaments (earrings) Wore hair differently Painted or tattooed their bodies Feather headdresses

8. What happened to the Mississippian Indians? Villages grew as several thousand families banded together Built centers for religious purposes Had wooden fences (palisades), and moats around villages with guard towers 1600 A.D. A mystery occurred-people left villages and no one knows why or where they went