1. What are the MONOMERS of each POLYMER?
POLYMER MONOMER
Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic acids
FATTY ACID TAILS
NUCLEOTIDES
AMINO ACIDS
CARBON RINGS

2. DNA Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
Each nucleotide is made up of:
PHOSPHATE GROUP
DEOXYRIBOSE SUGAR
BASES (A, T, C or G) held together by Hydrogen bonds.

3. DNA’s “alphabet”: A, T, C and G

4. DNA REPLICATION

5. When does DNA replicate?
Interphase (G1, S, G2)
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis?
How fast does it happen?

6. A simpler view of DNA replication

7. Who do you have to remember?
Helicase: unwinds the double helix
DNA POLYmerase: brings the MANY nucleotides and matches A to T and C to G

8. DNA CODES FOR PROTEINS:
The different kinds of proteins:
Structural
Hormones
Enzymes (………ase) amylase, lactase, ….
Defense
Transport

9. Basic structure of an amino acid (the monomer of a protein).
Carbon middle
Amino group
Carboxyl group
R group

10. DNA is precious. It may not leave the nucleus.
mRNA: a complimentary copy of a section of the DNA molecule. It carries instructions for building proteins in ribosomes.
mRNA DOES NOOOOT HAAAAVE THYAMINE. It has URACIL instead.

11. If the DNA code is … ATC.CGG.GGT.TAA.CGG.TGC.CCA.AAT.TCA
What is the other side of the DNA molecule?
And the codons mRNA for the bottom strand?
TAG
GCC
CCA
ATT
GCC
ACG
GGT
TTA
AGT
AUC
CGG
GGU
UAA
CGG
UGC
CCA
AAU
UCA
In DNA A goes with T and C goes with G.
In RNA A goes with U, T goes with A and C goes with G.

12. Videos of protein synthesis (transcription and translation)
You didn’t get it?

13. Words you need to know by now…
DNA: a nucleic acid carrying the genetic code of an organism or virus.
mRNA: a nucleic acid complimentary copy of a section of DNA. Carries instructions for making a protein to the nucleus
tRNA: a nucleic acid which brings amino acids to the mRNA in the nucleus
Codon: a group of three bases in the mRNA
Anticodon: a group of three bases in the tRNA complimentary to the codon.
Transcription: look it up.
Translation: look it up. (you will need a dictionary for this)

14. UUU
AGC
AUG
AGT
CCG
CCU
UUA
UAG

15. UUU. UUG. CCA. UAA.