1. Warring City States
Chapter 5
Section 2

2. Vocab Polis Acropolis Monarchy Aristocracy Oligarchy Tyrant Democracy
Helot
Phalanx
Persian Wars

3. Rule and Order in Greek City States
750 B.C.E the city-state or polis was the fundamental political unit in Greece
Polis:
Made of city and surrounding countryside
People would gather in the agora, (market place) or the acropolis to discuss politics

4. Political Structure City-states did not have all the same government
Monarchy- ruled by single person- king
Aristocracy-ruled by small group of noble, wealthy land owners
Oligarchy- ruled by a few powerful people
Democracy- ruled by the people

5. Tyrants Take Control Tyrants were not cruel and harsh
Tyrants came to power by appealing to the common people
Actually when they took power tyrants often set up public works projects in order to give jobs to the poor

6. Athens Builds a Democracy…Sort of
500 B.C.E. Athenian leader Cleisthenes reforms Athenian law
He arranged the citizens into groups based on where they lived, not social class
Allowed any citizen to submit laws to be debated
However; only citizens had these rights:
“free adult male property owners”

7. Athenian Education Boys Girls
Study: reading, grammar, poetry, history, math, and music
Trained in debate and public speaking
Spent time in athletics everyday
Went to military school to prepare for important citizen duty------DEFEND ATHENS
No school
Stay at home
Learned child rearing, weaving cloth, preparing meals, managing the house
Most women had very little to do with Athenian life outside the home

8. Sparta Builds a Military State
725 B.C.E Sparta takes over neighboring lands and turns the Messenians into helots
650 B.C.E. the Messenians revolt and the Spartans are just barely able to put down the revolt
In turn dedicate themselves to becoming strong city-state

9. Spartan Daily Life 600 – 371 B.C.E Sparta had greatest army in Greece
Came with a high cost
Spartans did not value the arts or intellectual pursuits
Valued duty, strength, and discipline
Men expected to serve in military until 60
Daily life centered around military training
From age 7-30 lived in military barracks under harsh conditions

10. Spartan Daily Life: Women
Women would lead a difficult life too
Running, wrestling, playing sports
Women also taught to put service to Sparta above all else
“come back with your shield or on it”
Given considerable freedom in the house when men were away at war

11. Persian Wars