1. Mobile Technology By: Stephanie Budd Mike Celentano Aaron Lastoff

2. Mobile Computing The ability to use technology “untethered”  Not continuously connected to the base or central network Requires that mobile computing activity be connected wirelessly to and through the internet or to and through a private network  Ties the mobile device to information through the use of battery powered, portable, and wireless devices

3. History of Mobile Devices Radio transmitters and wireless communications systems were base stations, operated at fixed locations, with large antenna towers 1950’s  12 volt automotive electrical systems gave rise to 12 volt devices such as two-way radios and mobile rigs

4. History of Mobile Devices (Cont.) Companies such as Motorola sprung up to support the need for mobile devices - Such as taxicab radios, police radios, and trunk mount systems Today there is a wide variety of mobile computing platforms

5. Mobile and Portable Mobile - Vehicular Today there is a fuzzy boundary between the two  Many small handheld phones and computers will operate on12 volts Portable  Wearable or handheld There is a proposal to have these two connect by wireless ad-hoc networks

6. Wireless Technology Day to Day transfer of information is increasing rapidly and new developments are continually expanding  Even so, majority of technology doesn’t provide as much bandwidth or accessibility as landlines  Transmission range for wireless is usually related to the data transmission speed The further the wireless signal has to travel  the less data it can carry per second

7. Wireless Technology (Cont.) Most advanced developments of wireless broadband deliver downstream data Satellite communications  Good transmission rates, but the cost is too high, typically $1,000 or more

8. Security Physical devices along with the data has to be protected Difficult problem  Poorly designed communications protocols  Raises the issue of how much information employees are allowed to carry and what procedures to follow so information doesn’t get stolen

9. Mobile Users Mobileer  One who uses mobile communications devices Three types: 1. Telecommuters who work away from office but stay directly connected to it from a remote location 2. Casual telecommuters and other workers who work a few days per month outside the office 3. Predominantly mobile employees

10. A Few Mobile Devices Laptop computers PDAs and handheld PCs Calculators Pagers Smart phones and cell phones Task devices  Bar code scanners

11. Laptop Computers A brief history  The first laptop?… maybe 1979 by William Moggridge Used by NASA on space shuttles in the 80’s 340K byte bubble memory Die cast magnesium case Folding electroluminescent graphics display screen 1/5 the weight of any model equivalent in performance

12. Gavilan Computing First promoted laptop  Manny Fernandez was the founder of Gavilan Computers  In 1983, it was considered the first fully functional laptop computer  Good for executives

13. The Osborne 1 First true portable computer  Created by Adam Osborne in 1981  It weighed 24 lbs and cost $1795  5 inch screen  Modem port  Two 5 ¼ floppy drives  Large collection of software  Battery pack

14. More Laptop Firsts 1981- Epson HX-20  Battery powered  20 character by 4 line LCD display  Built in printer 1983- TRS-80 Model 100  Created by Bill Gates & Kazuhiko Nishi  4 lb battery operated portable computer  Flat, more of a lap top design

15. Even More of Laptop Firsts 1989- Macintosh Portable  Produced by Apple  Later evolved into Powerbook

16. How Laptops Work The Microprocessor  Internal instructions stored in memory  Access its own memory  Receive instructions from you Keyboard Mouse Touchpad Trackball  Display data to you Cathode ray monitors LCD displays

17. How Laptops Work (cont)  Receive data through storage devices Hard drive Zip drive CD/DVD drive  Sends data to: Printers Modems Networks  Powered by AC or batteries

18. Disk Drives Internal hard disk drive  6 to 20GB  Stores: Operating systems Application programs Data files  Laptops have less space than desktops

19. What Laptops Can Do There are many fields of use for laptops  Education  Presentations  Note taking  Laboratories  Entertainment (CD, DVD, mp3)  Law Enforcement  Astronomy (CCD)  Navigation (GPS)  Business

20. PDA’s Personal Digital Assistant  Serves as an electronic organizer/day planner  Capable of sharing information with you computer  An extension of a PC… not a replacement  Manage personal info  Can connect to: Internet GPS  Can run multimedia software

21. Uses of PDA’s Manage Personal Information store contact information (names, addresses, phone numbers, e-mail addresses) make task or to-do lists take notes write memos keep track of appointments (date book, calendar) remind you of appointments (clock, alarm functions) plan projects do calculations keep track of expenses

22. More Uses For Select Models  Send or receive e-mail  Do word processing  Play MP3 music files  Play MPEG movie files  Get information (news, entertainment, stock quotes) from the Internet  Play video games  Integrate things such as digital cameras and GPS receivers

23. The First true PDA? 1978- LC-836MN  Made by Toshiba  Robert Hotto & Judah Klausner  Main purposes Store memos Store phone numbers 836 led the way for the future

24. How Do PDA’s Work Parts of a PDA  microprocessor  operating system - tells microprocessor what to do  solid-state memory – ROM chip  batteries – life depends on types of usage  LCD display 65,536 colors, 160 x 160, 240 x 320  input device Mini keyboard, touch screen, stylus  input/output ports data synchronization

25. History of Calculators

26. Origin First calculator was invented by the Chinese called the Abacus Was first built within the year 3000 BC Was widely used by merchants and clerks.

27. History Wilhelm Schickard  First to build automatic calculator  Was built in 1623  Called it the Calculating Clock

28. History French Philosopher Blaise Pascal Created the Pascaline in 1642 Uses  Thought his machine could save labor and time.  Also used for taxes

29. History Charles Babbage “Father of Computing” Had the first successful automatic calculator and is known for his precision in engineering

30. Time Goes By... Scheutz Calculator- 1853 Baldwin Calculator -1873 Brunsviga Type A- 1892 American Arithmometer- 1898

31. Finally the 1900’s IBM 1954  Comes out with all transistor calculator.  1957 release first commercial all transistor calculator IBM 608 1961 Bell introduces the Punch/Sumlock Comptometer - ANITA

32. Technology Gets Better! Not only was technology better but cost more too!  These machines usually ran $2200- $2500  This included a thirteen digit capacity  Average desktop weight was 55lb-100lbs  Could Add, Subtract, Multiply, Divide, and sometimes do square roots.

33. First hand held calculator Introduced in January 1971  The Sharp EL-8 Weighed one pound Used a vacuum fluorescent display Rechargeable batteries Sold for $395

34. Scientific Calculators First pocket  Hewlett Packard with the HP-35  Used RPN (Reverse Polish Notation) or Postfix Notation. Texas Instruments also introduced the SR- 10

35. Upgrades The scientific calculators were introduced to Continuous memory. Data was retained after calculator was shut off. First calculator capable of symbolic computations was the Hp-28 First graphing calculator was the Casio fx700G

37. Present Day Calculators In 2002, HP announces they will no longer make calculators anymore Texas Instruments will capitalize on their sleek design of the new graphing calculators

38. The Basic Calculator Basic Calculators include  Battery or solar powered  Display- LED lights or Liquid crystal with 8-10 digit display  Electronic circuits  Keyboard display Ten digits Equal sign Four arithmetic functions Cancel or clear button On and off Square root and percents  Can be found in Cell phones Pagers Wrist watches Local stores

39. Sophisticated Calculators Include same functions as basic Support  Trigonometry  Statistics  Graphs  Algebra  Equation solvers  Financial models  Scientific notation  And holds Games

40. Leading companies Sharp Casio Hewlett Packard Texas Instruments

41. Mobile Technology By: Stephanie Budd Mike Celentano Aaron Lastoff