1. MonthDayLecture Oct13Fungi 16The coral reef 18Animals—worms 20Animals—bugs to primates 23Human evolution 25Biodiversity revisited 27Exam review 30Exam

3. Trichoplax adhaerens

4. Animals... Monophyletic

5. Animals... Monophyletic Multicellular Eukaryotes

6. Animals... Monophyletic Multicellular Eukaryotes High cellular differentiation

7. Animals... Monophyletic Multicellular Eukaryotes High cellular differentiation Chemoheterotrophs

8. Animals... Monophyletic Multicellular Eukaryotes High cellular differentiation Chemoheterotrophs Feed by ingestion and digestion

9. Animals... Monophyletic Multicellular Eukaryotes High cellular differentiation Chemoheterotrophs Feed by ingestion and digestion Exhibit complex behavior

10. Chordates Echinoderms Arthropods Annelids Mollusks Rotifers Roundworms Flatworms Cnidarians Sponges Multicelled Ancestry Radial Ancestry Bilateral Ancestry Coelomate Ancestry Single-celled, protistanlike ancestors

11. Phylum Porifera: sponges

12. Phylum Cnidaria: jellyfish, corals, sea anemones

13. Phylum Ctenophora: comb jellies

14. These animals are... Radial and biradially symmetrical Most other animals are bilaterally symmetrical

15. Radial symmetry posterior anterior Bilateral symmetry dorsal ventral

16. Chordates Echinoderms Arthropods Annelids Mollusks Rotifers Roundworms Flatworms Cnidarians Sponges Multicelled Ancestry Radial Ancestry Bilateral Ancestry Coelomate Ancestry Single-celled, protistanlike ancestors

17. Bilateral symmetry and cephalization

18. Phylum Platyhelminthes: flatworms

19. Life cycle of Schistosoma japonicum Phylum Platyhelminthes: flatworms

20. Phylum Nematoda: roundworms

21. These animals are... Acoelomate: no enclosure around the gut Most other animals are coelomate: enclosure around gut

22. epidermisgut cavity no body cavity; region between gut and body wall packed with organs Acoelomate organism (flatworm)

23. epidermis gut cavity peritoneum lined body cavity (coelom); lining also holds internal organs in place Coelomate organism (human)

24. Chordates Echinoderms Arthropods Annelids Mollusks Rotifers Roundworms Flatworms Cnidarians Sponges Multicelled Ancestry Radial Ancestry Bilateral Ancestry Coelomate Ancestry Single-celled, protistanlike ancestors

25. Phylum Nemertea: the Spiralians

26. Phylum Annelida: the segmented worms

27. Phylum Mollusca: the mollusks

28. Chordates Echinoderms Arthropods Annelids Mollusks Rotifers Roundworms Flatworms Cnidarians Sponges Multicelled Ancestry Radial Ancestry Bilateral Ancestry Coelomate Ancestry Single-celled, protistanlike ancestors And relatives The “Ecdysozoans”

29. The “Ecdysozoans”—moulting animals Exoskeleton –flexible but tough laminate –Protects from damage, water loss Segmented joints for movement

30. Exoskeletons

31. The “Ecdysozoans”—molting animals Exoskeleton –flexible but tough laminate –Protects from damage, water loss Segmented joints for movement Molting allows growth

32. adultyoungegg Growth and molting adultnymphsegg Incomplete metamorphosis adultlarvaeegg Complete metamorphosis

33. Worm-like ecdysozoans

34. Onychophorans

35. Tardigrades (waterbears)

36. Arthropod: “Jointed foot” Dominant species on earth –1.5 million species –10 18 individuals

37. Arthropod: “Jointed foot” Dominant species on earth –1.5 million species –10 18 individuals Spiders and their relatives –Aquatic and terrestrial

38. Arthropod: “Jointed foot” Dominant species on earth –1.5 million species –10 18 individuals Spiders and their relatives –Aquatic and terrestrial Crustaceans –Aquatic

39. Arthropod: “Jointed foot” Dominant species on earth –1.5 million species –10 18 individuals Spiders and their relatives –Aquatic and terrestrial Crustaceans –Aquatic Uniramia: the insects –Terrestrial

40. Vertebrates Crustaceans Insects Mollusks Roundworms Plants Fungi Protozoans 04008001,2001,600 Number of species (x 1,000) over 4 million Red = Known species Gold = Estimated number of species not yet discovered Current species diversity

41. Characteristics of arthropods Rigid exoskeleton with chitin Jointed appendages moved by muscles

42. Spider relatives

43. Arachnids-the true spiders

44. Crustaceans

45. Myriapod: “countless feet”

46. Insects: group 1

47. Insects: group 2

48. Insects: group 3