2. 1. Seminar Discussion 2. Unit 9 Review 3. Questions

3. Endocrine system

4.  Endocrine glands make hormones secreted by which go directly into bloodstream.  Major pituitary glands- pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, Islets of Langerhans- (in the pancreas)

5.  Growth Hormone (GH)  Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)  Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)  Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)  Luteinizing Hormone (LH)  Prolactin Hormone (PRL)  Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)  Oxytocin

6.  Pituitary- master gland  Thyroid- regulates metabolism  Parathyroid glands- PTH regulates blood Ca  Islets of Langerhans- found throughout pancreas, secrete insulin, glucagon.

7.  Hormone made in Islets of Langerhans-  Raises blood sugar level, has opposite effect of insulin  Released by pancreas when blood sugar level is too low.  Causes liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose.

8.  Hormone made in Islets of Langerhans-  Regulates energy and glucose metabolism in the body.  Lowers high blood sugar levels.  Causes cells in liver, muscle, fat tissue to take up glucose from blood.  Stored as glycogen in liver and muscle.

9.  Cortisol  Epinephrine  Norepinephrine  T4, T3  Aldosterone

10.  Aden/o =  Adren/o, adrenal/o =  Cortic/o = cortex  Endocrin/o =  Parathyroid/o =  Pituitar/o =

11.  Thyroid/o, thyr/o =  Acr/o =  Calc/i =  Dips/o =  Kal/i =  Natr/o =  Suffix:  - drome = run, running

12.  Parathyroidoma  Hypothyroidism  Hyponatremia  Adrenalitis  Adenomegaly

13.  Acromegaly  Hyperpituitarism  Hypocalcemia  Hypolycemia  Hypokalemia  Adnenosis

14.  Excessive production of cortisol. May be a result of a pituitary tumor or adrenal gland dysfunction.  Abnormal concentration of ketone bodies resulting from excessive fat metabolism.

15.  Enlargement of the thyroid gland  Caused by ___ deficiency  Condition brought about by over production of growth hormone

16.  Condition affects nerves causing muscle spasms. Caused by low ____ blood. Due to a deficiency of ______ hormone.

17.  Resistance of body cells to the action of insulin. Usually occurs in middle-aged or elderly pts. Diet, exercise, meds, insulin can help.  Beta cells are destroyed, eventually insulin not produced. Occurs in childhood.

18. Growth hormone regulates the growth of the body.

19. Growth hormone regulates the growth of the body

20. The hypothalamus in the brain controls release of pituitary hormones.

21. The hypothalamus in the brain controls release of pituitary hormones

22. The islets of Langerhans are: A.four small bodies lying directly behind the thyroid B.located near the pituitary gland C.clusters of endocrine tissue found throughout the pancreas D.paired glands, one of which is located above each kidney

23. C.clusters of endocrine tissue found throughout the pancreas

24. The combining form meaning potassium is: A.kal/i B.calc/i C.natr/o D.dips/o

25. A.kal/i

26. The word part that completes the medical term meaning excision of an adrenal gland, ___________/ectomy, is: A.dips B.adren C.adrenal D.aden

27. C.adrenal

28. The meaning of the medical term tetany is a condition: A.affecting nerves causing muscle spasms as a result of low amounts of calcium B.resulting from a deficiency of the thyroid hormone thyroxine C.caused by excessive thyroid hormones D.brought about by overproduction of growth hormone

29. A.affecting nerves causing muscle spasms as a result of low amounts of calcium

30. RAIU abbreviates the medical term meaning: A.nuclear medicine scan that measures thyroid function B.blood test to determine the amount of glucose in the blood C.blood test that measures the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone in the blood D.a blood study that gives the direct measurement of the amount of thyroxine in the blood

31. A.nuclear medicine scan that measures thyroid function

32.  Endocrinopathy  Euglycemia  Polydispsia  Syndrome  Adrenocorticohyperplasia

33.  Sum total of all the chemical processes that take place in the body.  Chemical substances that are produced and secreted by endocrine glands, carried into bloodstream.  Narrow strip of tissue connecting two large parts in the body

34.  DM  HbA1C  T4  RAIU  FBS