1. Educational Psychology: Theory and Practice Chapter 6
Information Processing and Cognitive Theories of Learning
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2. Organizing Questions What Is Information Processing Model?
What Causes People to Remember or Forget?
How Can Memory Strategies Be Taught?
What Makes Information Meaningful?

3. Organizing Questions How Do Cognitive Skills Help Students Learn?
What Study Strategies Help Students Learn?
How Do Cognitive Teaching Strategies Help Students Learn?

4. Information-Processing Theory
“Cognitive Theory of Learning that describes the Processing, Storage, and Retrieval of Knowledge in the Mind.”

5. Sensory Register
Perception
Attention
Gaining Attention

6. Short-Term Memory Working Memory Rehearsal Working Memory Capacity
Individual Differences

7. Long-Term Memory Episodic Memory Semantic Memory Procedural Memory
Flashbulb Memory
Semantic Memory
Schemata
Procedural Memory

8. Schema for the Concept “Cat”
Description
Small
Furry
Non-mammals
Diet
Meat
Loves Tuna
Animals
Cat
Mammals
Non-cat
Uses
Catch Mice
Companions

9. Factors Enhancing Long-Term Memory
Type of Information
Time
Degree of Learning
Instructional Strategies

10. Other Information Processing Models
Levels-of-Processing Theory
Dual Code Theory
Visual
Verbal
Parallel Distributed Processing Model
Connectionist Models

11. Research on the Brain Brain Specialization Hemispheric Asymmetry
Left Hemisphere
Right Hemisphere
Importance of Early Stimulation
Plasticity
Efficiency

12. Forgetting and Remembering
Interference
Retroactive Inhibition
Proactive Inhibition
Individual Differences
Facilitation
Proactive
Retroactive
Primacy Effects
Recency Effects
Automaticity
Implications for Education

13. Practice
Massed Practice
Distributed Practice
Enactment

14. How can Memory Strategies be Taught?
“If students can memorize the routine things more efficiently, they can free their minds for tasks that involve understanding and reasoning.” (p. 194)

15. Verbal Learning Paired-Associate Learning Serial Learning
Free-Recall Learning

16. Paired-Associate Learning
Imagery
Keyword Mnemonics
Research Findings

17. Serial and Free-Recall Learning
Loci Method
Pegword Method
Initial-Letter Strategies

18. Rote versus Meaningful Learning
Rote Learning
Meaningful Learning
Uses of Rote Learning
Inert Knowledge

19. Schema Theory Hierarchies of Knowledge
The Importance of Background Knowledge

20. How Do Metacognitive Skills Help Students Learn?
Metacognition
Metacognitive Skills
Thinking
Study Skills
Self-Assessment
Prediction
Self-Questioning Strategies

21. Helpful Study Strategies
Note Taking
Underlining
Summarizing
Writing to Learn
Outlining and Mapping
The PQ4R Method

22. Making Learning Relevant and Activating Prior Knowledge
Advance Organizers
Analogies
Elaboration

23. Organizing Information
Using Questioning Techniques
Using Conceptual Models
Graphs
Charts
Tables
Matrices

24. End of Chapter 6