1. MidStates Steel and Wire: Success and Failure By: Chris, Mark, Alex and Brittany

2. MidStates; The Beginning Industry has played a vital role in the growth of Montgomery County since the late 1800’s. Organized in 1900, the Crawfordsville Wire and Nail company grew from a small beginning to one of Crawfordsville's greatest assets The plant drew its wire from rods shipped from the Keystone plant at Peoria, Illinois.

3. History MidStates was formed in March 1928, when the Wire and Nail Company was purchased from its owners. By 1929,the plant had a wire drawing capacity of 175 tons every 24 hours. It was eventually merged with the Dwiggins Wire Fence Company of Anderson to become MidStates Steel and Wire Company.

4. Progress MidStates introduced many new technology machines and ideas. They supplied many jobs for people in and around the Crawfordsville area. It was one of the most successful businesses of its kind in the Midwest. It helped business in Montgomery county boom.

5. Brand New Technology The Hooded Automatic Pickler (HAP). It was the first company in the nation to put this process into working condition.

6. New Technology Contd. It cleans rods using a sulfuric acid and water solution. There are only five of these such processes in the world, and it was started by Gus Generis.

7. Inside the HAP Cost: $2 million Contains its own closed circuit. Allows the operator to select a cleaning process and transports the rods through the machine within seconds. The wire isn’t manually handled until it is transported to the next station.

8. Acid Pollution Nails and equipment were rusting The sulfuric acid was used to get rid of rust Leftover acid was dumped underground Trees started growing over waste People started to doubt Midstates’ procedures

9. Closing open Doors Midstates closed in 1997 due to loss of business partners. The owners never came back to clean up Many chemical barrels were left Became a huge fire threat.

10. The End of MidStates Two tragic fires eventually engulfed the building Arson was thought to be the cause Homeless people and/or teenagers were blamed.

11. Explanation of The First Fire The first fire, happened on March 31, 2003. The fire turned out to be a three-block residential area evacuation. A local plant had to shut down and people were to leave their homes for the rest of the day.

12. Explanation of The Second Fire The second fire, happened on April 29, 2003. It was said that an adolescent who started the fire. Another possibility is that juveniles or even mid-aged people may had methamphetamine laboratories. The second fire caused an evacuation and local companies to be shut down

13. Problems Caused By Fires.. Breathing Problems for local residents. Burnt down building in a residential area. The company site still hasn’t been cleaned up and it has been well over a year. Anyone who visits this area could become ill from these poisonous pollutants in the air.

14. Costs of Damages and Repairs The total cost of damages needed to be repaired will be approximately $279,000.

15. MidStates Today 2 Lafayette attorneys have bought the factory Improvements have been made since. Doubts still remain

24. The Pollution Conflict Effects of zinc, lead, and oil/lubricant combustion, and many other pollution-related problems

25. Oil/Lubricant Combustion The act of burning oil, lubricants, and other fuel-related chemicals in a non-proper form Also called PIC’s (Products of Incomplete Combustion) Midstates claims oil/lubricants were used to help manufacture products

26. What caused the pollution Abandoned oils/lubricants were left in the factory when Midstates shut down Fires have reached the chemicals, polluting air with smoke and combustion pollutants

27. Combustion pollutants Harmful chemicals caused by burning other dangerous pollutants

28. Carbon monoxide (CO) Odorless and colorless gas Hundreds die each year from CO in their homes Reduces the ability of hemoglobin in blood Causes: –Paralysis –Coma –Death

29. Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) Damages the respiratory tract Highly toxic Red-brown gas Or: Yellow liquid

30. Sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) Irritates: –Eyes –Nose –Respiratory tract

31. Particulates Tiny particles that make up smoke Damages: –Eyes –Throat –Nose

32. Health effects Combustion pollutants can cause such problems as: –Headaches –Dizziness –Sleepiness –Nausea –Irritated Eyes –Breathing difficulties –Cancer

33. Lead and Zinc Poisoning

34. Lead (Pb) Poisoning No obvious symptoms Causes loss of auditory memory Destroys red blood cells Brain damage

35. Zinc (Zn) Poisoning Causes: –Vomiting –Nausea –Liver/Kidney failure –Anemia

37. What is the Exxon Valdez The Exxon Valdez is an oil tanker that ran aground in Alaska on March 23 1989. It was one of the most know oil accidents in the World. The captain was Joe Hazelwood.

38. How Did the Accident Occur The tanker was headed toward icebergs, but was unable to be steered away by both Gregory Cousins and Robert Kagan Gregory Cousins was his third mate and was presumed to be fatigued during the accident.

39. How Did the Accident Occur Exxon hit the iceberg and then curved off toward the land

40. How Does This Compare to Other Accidents The Exxon Valdez is one of the largest oil spills in the United States. It is considered the #1 spill in terms of damage to the environment.

41. 1,300 miles were impacted by oil. 200 miles were heavily impacted. It cause one of the hardest clean ups in the history of spills Compared to Other Accidents

42. The Big Clean-Up It took more than four summers of clean up efforts before the clean up was called off. Not all beaches were cleaned. The clean up effort included; 10,000 workers, 1,000 boats, and 100 airplanes.

43. Clean-Up Continued The clean up cost about $2.1 billion They used hot water treatment, mechanical cleanup, and chemical agents.

44. Environment Effects It is unknown how many deaths of animals there were from the spill. The carcasses of more than 35,000 birds and 1,000 sea otters were found after the spill. The results of tests taken near the spill are still unknown

45. Another Case The MidStates building also had lead and zinc poisoning. A mine located in Marmorilik in West Greenland also had problems with lead and zinc.

46. Another Case The mine resulted in serious lead and zinc pollution of a large nearby fjord system. High levels of lead and zinc were found in seawater, sediments, seaweed, and fish around the area.

47. Solutions Ways to solve Midstate’s problem

48. Solution I Haul all harmful chemicals out of Midstates Pros- –No more pollution by Midstates to affect Crawfordsville –No more harmful fires Cons –Chemicals would affect other areas –Disaster could occur from car crash, acid rain, etc.

49. Solution II Demolish the Midstates building and have a massive cleanup Pros- –The Midstates area will be clean –Make way for new economic opportunities Cons –Chemicals could escape and cause major pollution problems –Demolishing the building could affect other buildings

50. Solution III Pollution-eating bacteria Pros- –Would break down all chemicals into atoms, causing no more harm –Less labor work Cons- –Don’t know if product is 100% effective –Bacteria may eat something else after done eating chemicals

51. Bibliography EVOS-Oil Spill Facts-Q & A, April 21st, 2004 www.oilspill.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.html www.oilspill.state.ak.us/facts/qanda.html EVOS-Oil Spill Facts-Photos, April 21 st, 2004 www.oilspill.state.ak.us/facts/photos.html www.oilspill.state.ak.us/facts/photos.html Valdez Link.com, April 21 st, 2004 www.valdezlink.com/inpol/pages/album.ht m www.valdezlink.com/inpol/pages/album.ht m Batelle.org, April 21 st www.battelle.org/envirement/exxon- valdez.stm

52. Bibliography (continued) Chemical Elements.com, April 30 th, 2004 http://www.chemicalelements.com ·Chemistry: Webelements Periodic Table, April 30 th, 2004 http://www.webelements.com Corwin, Dan. Interviewed May 7 th, 2004. Zinc Poisoning, April 30 th, 2004 http://www.birdieboutique.com/zincpoisoni ng.html http://www.birdieboutique.com/zincpoisoni ng.html

53. Bibliography (continued) Environmental Protection Agency – Sulfur Dioxide, April 30 th, 2004, http://epa.gov/air/aqtrnd95/so2.html Sources of Indoor Pollution, April 29 th,2004 http://www.epa.gov/iaq/no2.html http://www.epa.gov/iaq/no2.html

54. Bibliography(continued) The Journal Review, May 6 th, 2004, http://www.journalreview.com/main.as p?Search=1&ArticleID=8697&SectionID =1&SubSectionID=1&S=1 http://www.journalreview.com/main.as p?Search=1&ArticleID=8697&SectionID =1&SubSectionID=1&S=1 Cline, Pat. “Mid-States pioneers new process in U.S.”. Montgomery. April 1978 Curtin, Charles and Gineris, Gus.“Inland Wire Products Company”. Mid- Statements. 1957

55. Bibliography(continued) Posthauer, Ron. Interviewed May 7 th, 2004. Cline, Pat. Crawfordsville: A Pictorial History. St. Louis: G. Bradley Publishing, 1991. Pollution Eating Bacteria. May 3 rd, 2004. http://newsdesk.inel.gov/press_releases/19 98/prpollutioneatingbacteria2.html http://newsdesk.inel.gov/press_releases/19 98/prpollutioneatingbacteria2.html CBC News: Pollution-eating bacteria may help with cleanups. May 3 rd, 2004. http://www.cbc.ca/stories/2002/10/31/tca0 21031 http://www.cbc.ca/stories/2002/10/31/tca0 21031