1. Age of Exploration
Chapter 4

3. http://upload. wikimedia

4. Multiple Perspectives
Turn to Page 105 in your text books
From whose perspective is this story about first contact between Renaissance Europe and Taino told?
In what ways might the story be different if it was told from the point of view of one of the men on Columbus’ ships?
What do you think Columbus is doing in this painting?

5. Desire to Explore
Columbus and his crew travelled to South America on his three ships: Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria
All of his ships were used and Columbus had no idea how they would hold up on the rough seas on his estimated 9000 km journey

6. At this time the ocean was still a frightening thing because it has never been travelled on before
Curiosity and adventure were what fueled him to explore
It was during the Renaissance that the European Monarchs started to support these explorations

7. Exploring to Expand Trade
Trade grew in Europe because the people started to crave luxury goods
People started to invest their money into new business ventures
The economic Worldview encouraged growth and expansion

8. Trade with the East
The rich spent lots of money on luxury goods and spices from the east
Spices were expensive because they were hard to get and they had to travel a great distance to reach European consumers
Arab merchants got the spices from Arab India and spice islands in the far East, then sold them to Europeans

9. They transported the spices down the Mediterranean sea to trading ports like Constantinople and Alexandria where Italian merchants purchased them
The spices were then transported back to Venice and sold to various European merchants
The increasing price in spices made other Europeans wonder how they could get involved in the valuable trade

10. The security of the trade routes was another problem (aside from the prices)
Conflicts and power shifts made the seas dangerous to travel, so new routes were needed

11. The collapse of the Mongol empire
Conflict
Effect
The collapse of the Mongol empire
Trade routes to and from China were no longer secure
The conquest of Christian Constantinople by the Muslim Turks in 1453
Trade between Europe and the East was threatened

12. Why Try East
Europeans thought that an sea trade route was the solution to the problems with trade

13. Exploring to Expand the Gold Supply
European economy depended on the exchange of goods and resources for money
They didn’t have money that we have today
Instead of currency, traders purchased items with gold and silver coins

14. The problem was that European mines were running out of gold and silver, so they needed a new source so their economy could continue to grow

15. Exploring to Expand Christianity
Religion had a huge impact on a person’s worldview
The idea of spreading Christianity helped shape the worldview of exploring
Renaissance explorers and monarchs all believed they were following Jesus’ wishes in bringing Christianity to all the people

16. Jared
Kailee Taylor Breanna Mike Kayd
TJ Denver Dawson Evan Darwin
Jayden Torian Darby Robbie Hannah
Jordon Lyndsie Janson Jacob Emmett
Mr. Barlow’s desk SMARTboard

17. Recruiting for war was another reason for exploring
European explorers were frequently accompanied by missionaries

18. Means
Read page 114
What is a “means”?

19. Where did the Renaissance Worldview come from?
Europeans borrowed ideas about philosophy, mathematics, science and art from the ancient Greeks and Romans as well as the Muslim cultures

20. Expanding the Known World
Europeans didn’t know much about the lands beyond their communities
They did have books by explorers like Marco Polo, but they were misinformed and lacked proper representations

21. Technology
In order for exploration to be possible, Renaissance Europe needed better technology
ships that could travel across the ocean
navigational instruments
maps

22. Used for finding the direction a ship is travelling
Compass
Used for finding the direction a ship is travelling
Probably developed in China about 1700 years ago, used by Muslim travellers in navigation
Astrolabe
Used the North Star or Sun to calculate latitude, the distance north or south of the Equator
Probably invented by the ancient Greeks, further developed by Arab mathematicians and astronomers
Cross Staff
Used to measure the altitude of the Pole star above the horizon to determine latitude
Invented around 1342 for astronomy and first used around 1514 for navigation
Back staff
Used to measure the altitude of the Sun to determine latitude
Developed in 1594 as an improvement over the cross staff

23. European Expansion
Renaissance Europe had the motivation and the means to explore
They were in competition to establish trade routes for spices and other valuable goods
Italian city-states were always trying to get richer and more powerful by expanding their territory

24. Age of Exploration Song
Your song should answer the following questions
How did the Age of Exploration begin?
Who were the leading players?
Why did they want to explore?
What made exploration possible?

25. They had an “expansionist” worldview
Expansionism: refers to the actions and attitudes of a state or country whose goal is to increase its power and territory.

26. Going East
Portugal was the first country to get involved organized exploration
Prince Henry sent an expedition south along the west coast of Africa in search of gold
The Portuguese also became involved in the slave trade of Africa

27. They forced slaves to work on sugar plantations
During this time, million of Africans were transported to be slaves in the Americas
Millions died on route from the terrible conditions on the slave ships or from being overworked before they even arrived

28. Going West
Christopher Columbus went west because he was convinced that it was a shorter route to Asia
They sailed west for 33 days and landed in Central America
He made 3 trips, on the 4th he died (bitter and poor)

29. He believed he was in Asia that he was in Asia up until his death
In 1520, Ferdinand Magellan sailed south, eventually finding the Phillipines
He was killed after getting involved in a local war
His ship, under the command of someone new, continued westward, back to spain with all the spices
Was the first recorded voyage to circumnavigate the world

30. Questions
Page 126 question 1a