1. Chowan River TMDL Development Raccoon/Sappony Area 09/8/04

2. Impaired Waters in the Blackwater River Drainage Raccoon Creek – Fecal Coliform Sappony Creek – Fecal Coliform Spring Branch – General Standard (Benthic)

3. Fecal Coliform Impairments Impaired Stream Segments in the Nottoway River watershed

4. TMDL Development Historical data analysis Source assessment Bacterial source tracking Modeling Allocation

5. Water Quality Data Analysis Location of VADEQ water quality monitoring stations used for TMDL assessment in the Nottoway River watershed

6. Water Quality Data Analysis Fecal Coliform Concentrations

7. Water Quality Data Analysis Location of BST water quality monitoring stations in the Nottoway River watershed

8. Water Quality Data Analysis E. coli concentrations

9. Water Quality Data Analysis Statistical Analysis of Water Quality Measurements versus Precipitation to determine the relationship between rainfall and water quality Analyzed relationships for seasonal trends No seasonal trends found

10. Source Assessment Identification of Sources DEQ/DCR/Locality records Ag Census Habitat Analysis Stakeholders, local knowledge – improve estimates BST Delivery Mechanisms Direct Land-applied Exported Out of Watershed Temporal Variation Migration Patterns/Resident Populations Import/Export of agricultural/STP waste?

11. Human (2004) ImpairmentPopulation Housing Units (HU) HU with Sewer HU with Septic HU with Other Raccoon Creek Sappony Creek 773 998 394 448 49 67 311 352 34 29

12. Human Sanitary sewer Overflows - reported to DEQ Exfiltration – rate from literature Failing septic systems Rate based on age of house Straight pipes U.S. Census and VDH consultation

13. Pets (2004) ImpairmentDogsCats Raccoon Creek210235 Sappony Creek239268

14. Livestock - 1997 ImpairmentAll CattleBeefDairyHogHorseSheep Raccoon Creek 22411501,8131814 Sappony Creek 396178401401714

15. Wildlife Population ImpairmentDeerTurkeyGooseDuckMuskratRaccoonBeaver Raccoon Creek Sappony Creek 1,272 654 274 177 165 115 421 216 18,947 10,603 3,038 2,480 287 189

16. Bacterial Source Tracking Location of BST stations in the Nottoway River watershed

17. Modeling Hydrologic model Runoff model HSPF Water Quality model Source Assessment Results HSPF Model Calibration and Validation Based on data availability, period of interest

18. Modeling

19. VADEQ Station 5ARNC003.36 and USGS Station #02045500

20. Modeling VADEQ Station 5ASAP013.69 and USGS Station #02045500

21. Hydrologic Calibration

23. Modeling Source Loads Source Characterization Fecal production / densities / distribution Delivery Mechanisms Direct Land-applied Exported Out of Watershed Temporal Variation

24. Load Characteristics

25. Model Load Characterization “Direct to Stream” Loads Point Sources: Design Flow/Fecal Discharge Overflows: Reported overflow volume Characterize Volume and Duration Human: Straight pipes “Land Applied” Loads Wildlife, Livestock, Pets Transported to stream during runoff producing event Use measured waste characteristics Compute die-off in between events Human: Failing septic systems Application timing

26. Wildlife

27. Livestock Average percentage of collected livestock waste applied throughout year

28. Livestock Average time dairy milking cows spend in different areas per day

29. Livestock Average time dry cows and replacement heifers spend in different areas per day

30. Livestock Average time beef cows not confined in feedlots spend in areas per day

31. Allocation Quantify Current Source Conditions Run model with present-day sources Develop reduction scenarios that will meet water quality standards 100% reduction in straight pipes, 25% reduction in failed septic systems 100% reduction in straight pipes, 50% reduction in livestock direct deposition Allocate loads to each source

32. Livestock - 2002 ImpairmentAll CattleBeefDairyHogHorseSheep Raccoon Creek 29217201,592413 Sappony Creek 412188393,6905419

33. Allocation