1. Parts of Speech

2. Verbs Uses: The focus of the sentence. An action or feeling Things to know: Helping (be, do, have and modals) and main Linking (links the subject to something said about the subject) Transitive and non-transitive Action and Non-Action Forms (Aspect) Tense Voice Example: She had been taught by her father to swim. had been taught

3. Nouns Persons, Places, Things, or Emotions Uses: Subjects, Objects and Objects of prepositions Things to know: Count/Non-count Proper nouns Possessive Gerunds/Infinitives Example: My father met the teacher at my school. father– subject teacher – object school – object of preposition

4. Adjectives Uses: Describes a noun Things to know: Determiners (articles, this, some, etc.) Order (before noun or after linking verb) Example: The broken antique chair was on the decrepit porch. the broken antique the decrepit

5. Adverbs Uses: Describe verbs, adjectives, other adverbs Things to know: Irregular forms Adverbs of frequency Position (beginning, middle, end) Example: He always worked silently at his desk everyday. always silently everyday

6. Pronouns Uses: Take the place of a noun Things to know: Subject Object Relative Indefinite Example: He picked up his test. He looked at mine to check his answers. he mine

7. Prepositions Uses: Word that shows relationship between the word that follows it and another word. Things to know: Location, Direction, Time Always followed by a noun Example: He picked up his test. He looked at mine to check his answers. at

8. Conjunctions Uses: Makes connections between words Things to know: Coordinating and subordinating words FANBOYS Dependent words (since, because, if, although, unless) Example: Although he is a good student, he didn’t get an A, so he was disappointed. although so

9. Interjection Uses: Used to express surprise, to address someone, to give the speaker time to think. Example: Uh, dear, will you help me? uh dear