1. Participatory Journalism Jacie Yang Assistant Professor School of Journalism & Mass Comm Texas State University Contact: email: jacieyang@gmail.comjacieyang@gmail.com twitter: @jacieyang (twitter.com/jacieyang) Facebook: facebook.com/jacieyang

2. Date http://www.peopo.org/events/cj_awards_2012/peopo_awards/

3. Read-only vs. Read-write

6. Lecture- Journalism 1.0 (traditional) Conversation- Journalism 2.0 (participatory)

7. Who participates?

8. The citizens. The public. Everyone.

9. What do you care about?

10. What do you want to do about it?

11. What tools do you have?

12. How do we participate? ✤ 18th century in England: Blank space on 3rd and 4th pages for users to add comments. ✤ 19th century: After journalism was professionalized, the only channel remained was “letter to the editor.” ✤ With web technologies: comments, forums, personal blogs, microblog (twitter). ✤ What else?

13. iReport vs. Hurricane Sandy ✤ http://ireport.cnn.com/open-story.jspa?openStoryID=865705#DOC- 872741 http://ireport.cnn.com/open-story.jspa?openStoryID=865705#DOC- 872741 ✤ http://ireport.cnn.com/blogs/ireport-blog/2012/10/31/top-11-ireport- images-from-sandy http://ireport.cnn.com/blogs/ireport-blog/2012/10/31/top-11-ireport- images-from-sandy

14. ✤ http://youtu.be/58iZpMRclwI http://youtu.be/58iZpMRclwI

15. The emergence of participatory journalism ✤ Gatekeeping: Selecting, writing, editing, positioning, scheduling, repeating and otherwise massaging information to become news (Shoemaker, Vos, & Reese, 2008). ✤ The professionals have the privilege to access the tools of gathering, producing, and disseminating information. ✤ Digital technology has changed this rule. ✤ Individuals and groups now can utilize digital technology for information gathering and production.

16. Definition of participatory journalism ✤ The act of a citizen, or group of citizens, playing an active role in the process of collecting, reporting, analyzing and disseminating news and information (Bowman & Willis, 2003). ✤ Participatory journalism, citizen journalism, user generated content.

17. Examples of participatory journalism (Hermida & Thurman, 2008) ✤ Citizen blogs ✤ Citizen media- multimedia submitted by users ✤ Citizen stories- written submissions from users, suggestions for story ideas, etc. ✤ Collective interviews- chats/interviews with professionals, with questions from users. ✤ Comments- comments on s story or other online items. ✤ Content hierarchy- ranking ✤ Forums ✤ Journalist blogs ✤ Polls ✤ Social networking

18. Three platforms to participate ✤ News websites created by news companies that allows user generated content. ✤ Blogs (blogger, wordpress, etc) ✤ Participatory journalism / citizen journalism websites.

19. Five stages for traditional news production ✤ Access/observation- the information gathering stage ✤ Selection/filtering- the gatekeeping stage ✤ Processing/editing- content creation state ✤ Distribution- dissemination stage ✤ Interpretation- by both audience and journalists

20. How are the five stages changed in the era of participatory journalism?

21. 1. Access/Observation ✤ Websites of news companies allow users to submit text and visual materials. ✤ Ways to contact journalists and the newsroom via news websites, such as suggesting a story ideas or tips via emails or submission forms. (but professionals still get to decide) ✤ Enables users to submit photos and videos via news websites. (ex. CNN’s iReport http://ireport.cnn.com).http://ireport.cnn.com ✤ Readers/users as a “source,” or many users as “crowdsourcing” because it makes sense to have 1,000 people telling the newspaper what is going on than relying on one single reporter.. ✤ A even newer concept: Spot.us (http://vimeo.com/2041615)http://vimeo.com/2041615

22. 2. Selection/Filtering ✤ For newspaper companies, this is the most closed among the five stages. News companies still makes the decision of what appears on their websites. ✤ Bloggers who identify themselves as journalists, however, can decide what stories to cover. ✤ Example: Brian Stelter ✤ born in 1985 and graduated from Towson University in May 2007 and started working at the New York Times in July. ✤ started blogging in January 2004. ✤ https://twitter.com/brianstelter https://twitter.com/brianstelter ✤ Movie: Page One- Inside The New York Times

23. 3. Processing/Editing ✤ News companies have a separate section on their website for participatory journalism, separate from “traditional journalism.” ✤ In this case, news companies still have control over what appears on their websites. ✤ Citizen journalist learn to use different tools, such as still and video cameras. They also use their smartphones to capture photos and videos. ✤ Citizen journalists learn to use different tools for processing and editing multimedia stories, such as image editing (Photoshop) and video editing software (iMovie, Adobe Premiere, Final Cut Pro).

24. 4. Distribution ✤ Through new company websites ✤ Through participatory journalism websites (Ex: http://globalvoicesonline.org/) http://globalvoicesonline.org/ ✤ Through blog platforms (Ex: wodpress.com, blogger.com, tumblr.com). ✤ Through microblogs: Twitter

25. 5. Interpretation ✤ Polls and user comments ✤ Forums ✤ Blogs (both from the public and from journalists)

26. More Examples

27. Blogger ✤ Launched in 1999. ✤ Acquired by Google in 2003. ✤ Great integration with other Google services for content creation. ✤ The example on the right is a citizen journalist in Taiwan ( 朱 淑娟, shuchuan7.blogspot.tw).

28. Tumblr ✤ http://www.tumblr.com http://www.tumblr.com ✤ Tumblr is a form of “social blogging” that combines the features of blogs and social media. ✤ The example on the right is the Future Journalism Project.

29. Video the vote ✤ http://youtu.be/xaSQLIhp8Ik http://youtu.be/xaSQLIhp8Ik ✤ Calling all citizens: You have a right to record! ✤ “Today is a day we can and should all be journalists, especially if we witness voter suppression.”

30. The VO1CE Project ✤ http://www.vo1ceproject.org/ http://www.vo1ceproject.org/ ✤ Objective: Training citizens in underserved communities to report on sensitive issues and publish their findings on a web- based platform.

31. Examiner ✤ http://www.examiner.com/ http://www.examiner.com/ ✤ Launched in 2008. ✤ 20 million monthly readers. ✤ Thousands of writers.

32. PeoPo ✤ http://www.peopo.org/ http://www.peopo.org/ ✤ A citizen journalism website in Taiwan. ✤ Up until Dec. 20, there are 77,256 articles and 6,565 citizen journalists. ✤ About Peopo: http://www.peopo.org/events/a bout/ http://www.peopo.org/events/a bout/

33. Global Voice ✤ http://globalvoicesonline.org/ http://globalvoicesonline.org/ ✤ 500+ bloggers and translators around the world. ✤ Traditional Chinese version available.

34. More Websites ✤ http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/List_of_citizen_journalism_web sites http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/List_of_citizen_journalism_web sites

35. Journalism Education

36. Digital Literacy

37. As a reader...

38. As a content creator...

39. Exercise & Discussions ✤ What do you care about? ✤ What do you want to do about it? ✤ What tools do you have? ✤ What do you want to learn?