1. What ’ s different about city life? How do cities threaten feudalism and manorial life? Based on trade and commerce – money economy New social classes and organization – merchants, artisans; serfs gain freedom Guilds – economic and social organizations of equals Alliances with kings – a right to private liberties; city charters allow cities right to tax, make law More culture and intellectual development – literacy, universities; a challenge to the Church ’ s control of intellectual life

2. What ’ s different about city life?

7. Effects of the Black Death 30-50% of population dies Decline of religious faith - was this God ’ s will?

8. Effects of the Black Death Decline of religious faith - was this God ’ s will?

9. Effects of the Black Death 30-50% of population dies Better living conditions for those who survive Breakdown of serfdom: Nobles “ compete ” for remaining workers; peasant and worker revolts