1. Prelude to War

2. Missouri Compromise 1820

3. Compromise of 1850 0 CA is a free state 0 Territories choose through popular sovereignty 0 No slave trade in D.C. 0 Enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Act

4. Fugitive Slave Act 0 A “fugitive” is a runaway, usually from a legal problem 0 The law required the return runaway slaves 0 Those helping runaways were fined $,1000 or 6 months in jail 0 Many join the abolitionist cause and refuse to catch runaways

5. Book 1852: Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852: Best selling book of the century, after the Bible Author: Harriet Beecher Stowe Quote: “So you are the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war” Abraham Lincoln Notable characters: Tom, Eliza, and Simon Legree Later “Uncle Tom” becomes a derogatory term.

6. Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854

7. Bleeding Kansas 0 Pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces were fighting 0 Both sides recruited people to come to Kansas 0 Over 200 people are killed and it earns the nickname “Bleeding Kansas” 0 Border Ruffians came over from Missouri (a slave state) to vote in Kansas 0 Pres. Pierce recognizes the pro-slavery government 0 John Brown and his sons murder five people

8. Dred Scott v. Sanford 1857 Supreme Court’s Decision: 0 Blacks are not citizens and cannot sue 0 Slaves are property 0 Slavery cannot be outlawed in territories

9. Raid on Harper’s Ferry 1859 0 John Brown and a group try to raid a weapon arsenal in Virginia in order to arm slaves 0 It fails 0 Brown is hanged 0 He is a hero in the North and a villain in the South 0 “John Brown's body lies a molding in the grave”John Brown's

10. 0 Charlestown, Va, 2nd, December, 1859 I John Brown am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty, land: will never be purged away; but with Blood. I had as I now think: vainly flattered myself that (without) very much bloodshed; it might be done. (John Brown's last letter, written on the day he hanged. From "John Brown: a Biography," by Oswald Garrison Villard.)

11. 0 Letter from Mahala Doyle Altho' vengeance is not mine, I confess that I do feel gratified to hear that you were stopped in your fiendish career at Harper's Ferry, with the loss of your two sons, you can now appreciate my distress in Kansas, when you then and there entered my house at midnight and arrested my husband and two boys, and took them out of the yard and in cold blood shot them dead in my hearing. You can't say you done it to free slaves. We had none and never expected to own one...My son John Doyle whose life I beged of you is now grown up and is very desirous to be at Charlestown on the day of your execution. (A letter sent to John Brown while in jail. From "To Purge This Land with Blood" by Stephen Oates.)

12. Abraham Lincoln 0 The Great Emancipator 0 The Rail-splitter 0 The Liberator 0 Honest Abe

13. 0 Born on February 12, 1809 in Hardin County, Kentucky, Lincoln's early life was one of the most modest means. 0 Abraham’s father, Thomas Lincoln, was an uneducated carpenter and a farmer. His mother, Nancy, had little or no schooling and could not even write her own name.

14. 0 When Abe left home he was 22 and didn’t even have an extra suit of clothes with him. 0 He worked splitting rails. 0 He worked on a flatboat that carried Cargo down the Mississippi to New Orleans. 0 He worked in a store and spent a lot of time reading under a tree near the store. 0 He worked in post office. 0 He worked as a lawyer.

15. 0 Lincoln (30) married Mary Todd (21) after a two year courtship and a rocky relationship. 0 Both of their mothers had died and they both loved reading and politics. 0 Mary saw in a Lincoln a man who would be successful in politics. 0 They had four sons. Three sons died. 0 Mary Lincoln incurred huge debt from extravagant spending.

16. 1858 Lincoln-Douglas Debates for the U.S. Senate; 7 of them

17. Quiz: Put the following events in order on a timeline 0 Uncle Tom’s Cabin 0 Election of 1860 0 Fugitive Slave Law 0 Lincoln-Douglas Debates 0 South Carolina Secedes 0 Dred Scott Decision 0 Kansas Nebraska Act 0 Raid at Harper’s Ferry

18. Answers: 0 1850 Fugitive Slave Law 0 1852 Uncle Tom’s Cabin 0 1854 Kansas Nebraska Act 0 1857 Dred Scott Decision 0 1858 Lincoln-Douglas Debates 0 1859 Raid on Harper’s Ferry 0 1860 Election of 1860 (Nov.) 0 1860 South Carolina Secedes (Dec.)

19. 1860 Election for President

20. Election of 1860

21. South Carolina secedes first in December and then six other southern states follow

22. Secession: withdrawing from an organized union

23. Keeps Trying 0 1848 Lost renomination for Congress 0 1854 Defeated for U.S. Senate 0 1856 Defeated for nomination for Vice President 0 1858 Again defeated for U.S. Senate 0 1860 ELECTED PRESIDENT 0 Lincoln won the presidential vote with only 39% of the popular vote but 60% of the electoral vote.

24. A house divided cannot stand. 0 “I believe this government cannot endure, permanently, half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved; I do not expect the house to fall; but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing, or all the other.”

25. Five years of War takes its toll

26. Assassination 0 Lincoln was shot at Ford’s Theater on April 14, 1865, by John Wilkes Booth. He had a dream of his death the week before it happened.

27. Trouble begins in South Carolina

28. April 12, 1861 0 Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina was one of four Union forts still held in the South. 0 Northern troops were originally at Fort Moultrie near Charleston but, Major Robert Anderson decided to move his troops to Fort Sumter

30. 0 Fort Sumter was designed to defend against a naval attack not a land attack. 0 The attack lasted 34 hours. 0 No one was killed by enemy fire during the battle, however one Union soldier was killed when a cannon in the fort exploded. 0 April 13, the Fort was surrendered and the troops moved out the following day. The Fort

31. 0 Following the surrender, Lincoln called for 75,000 troops from state militias to fight against the South. 0 He was not going to let the South secede peacefully. 0 Lincoln felt duty bound to hold the Union together. The War Begins

32. …The Beginning…

33. Anaconda Plan

34. Richmond, Mississippi, Blockade

35. Battle Hymn of the Republic 0 “I awoke in the grey of the morn­ing, and as I lay wait­ing for dawn, the long lines of the de­sired po­em be­gan to en­twine them­selves in my mind, and I said to my­self, ‘I must get up and write these vers­es, lest I fall asleep and for­get them!’ So I sprang out of bed and in the dim­ness found an old stump of a pen, which I re­mem­bered us­ing the day be­fore. I scrawled the vers­es al­most with­out look­ing at the p­aper.” Julia Ward Howe 0 The hymn ap­peared in the At­lant­ic Month­ly in 1862.