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2. Environmental Problems and Solutions
Chapter 21
Environmental Problems and Solutions
Section 1: Environmental Problems
Section 2: Environmental Solutions
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3. Environmental Problems
Section 1
Environmental Problems
Bellringer
What is the difference between a renewable resource and a nonrenewable resource? What nonrenewable resources do you use? Could you use a renewable resources in place of any of these nonrenewable resources?
Write your answers in your science journal.
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4. Environmental Problems
Section 1
Environmental Problems
Objectives
List five kinds of pollutants.
Distinguish between renewable and nonrenewable resources.
Describe the impact of exotic species.
Explain why human population growth has increased.
Describe how habitat destruction affects biodiversity.
Give two examples of how pollution affects humans.
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5. Environmental Problems
Section 1
Environmental Problems
Pollution
Garbage The average American throws away about 12 kg of trash a week. The trash goes to landfills. Landfills also contain medical waste, lead paint, and other hazardous wastes.
Chemicals People need and use many chemicals. Some chemicals are used to treat diseases. Other chemicals are used in plastics and preserved foods. The same chemicals that help people may harm the environment.
High-Powered Wastes Nuclear power plants provide electricity to many homes and businesses. The plants also produce radioactive wastes.
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6. Environmental Problems
Section 1
Environmental Problems
Pollution continued
Gases Since the Industrial Revolution, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased. Carbon dioxide and other air pollutants act like a greenhouse, trapping heat around the Earth.
Noise Some pollutants affect the senses. These pollutants include loud noises. Too much noise is not just annoying. Noise pollution affects your ability to hear and think clearly. And it may damage your hearing.
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7. Environmental Problems
Section 1
Environmental Problems
Resource Depletion
Disappearing Resources Nonrenewable resources cannot last forever. These resources will become more expensive as they become harder to find.
Renewable or Nonrenewable? Some resources once thought to be renewable are becoming nonrenewable. For example, scientists used to think that fresh water was a renewable resource. However, in some areas, water supplies are being used faster than they are being replaced.
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8. Environmental Problems
Section 1
Environmental Problems
Exotic Species
Exotic Can Be Dangerous Exotic species can become pests and drive out native species. In 2002, the northern snakehead fish was found in a Maryland pond. This fish is from Asia. Scientists are concerned because the northern snakehead eats other fish, amphibians, small birds, and some mammals.
Human Population Growth
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Overpopulation The human population has soared in the past century. Overpopulation happens when the number of individuals becomes so large that the individuals can’t get the resources they need to survive.
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9. Environmental Problems
Section 1
Environmental Problems
Habitat Destruction
Forest Habitats Trees provide humans with oxygen, lumber, food, rubber, and paper. For some of these products, such as lumber and paper, trees must be cut down. Deforestation is the clearing of forest lands. If trees are cut down, they should be replanted.
Marine Habitats Many people think of oil spills when they think of pollution in marine habitats. This is an example of point-source pollution. A second kind of water pollution is nonpoint-source pollution.
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10. Environmental Problems
Section 1
Environmental Problems
Effects on Humans
Pollution Harms Human Health Anything that harms other organisms will eventually harm people, too. Caring for the environment means being aware of what is happening now and looking ahead to the future.
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11. Environmental Solutions
Section 2
Environmental Solutions
Bellringer
Imagine that you have just finished reading a magazine. Write down at least two things you can do with the magazine that would be preferable to throwing it in the trash.
Write your responses in your science journal.
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12. Environmental Solutions
Section 2
Environmental Solutions
Objectives
Explain the importance of conservation.
Describe the three Rs.
Explain how biodiversity can be maintained.
List five environmental strategies.
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13. Environmental Solutions
Section 2
Environmental Solutions
Conservation
Preserving Resources Conservation is the preservation and wise use of natural resources. The next slide shows some ways you can conserve resources.
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14. Section 2
Conservation
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15. Environmental Solutions
Section 2
Environmental Solutions
Reduce
Reducing Waste and Pollution As much as one-third of the waste produced by some countries is packaging material. Products can be wrapped in less paper and plastic to reduce waste.
Reducing the Use of Nonrenewable Resources Some scientists are looking for sources of energy that can replace fossil fuels. In some parts of the world, solar energy can be used to power homes.
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16. Environmental Solutions
Section 2
Environmental Solutions
Reuse
Reusing Products You might be surprised at how many materials can be reused. For example, every time you reuse a plastic bag, one bag fewer needs to be made. Reusing the plastic bag at the grocery store is just one way to reuse the bag.
Reusing Water One way to reclaim water is to use organisms to clean the water. These organisms include plants and filter-feeding animals, such as clams. Often, reclaimed water isn’t pure enough to drink. But it can be used to water crops, lawns, and golf courses.
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17. Environmental Solutions
Section 2
Environmental Solutions
Recycle
Recycling Trash Plastics, paper, aluminum, wood, glass, and cardboard are examples of materials that can be recycled.
Recycling Resources Waste that can be burned can also be used to generate electricity. Electricity is generated in waste-to-energy plants.
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18. Environmental Solutions
Section 2
Environmental Solutions
Maintaining Biodiversity
Protecting Species One way to maintain biodiversity is to protect individual species. In the United States, a law called the Endangered Species Act was designed to do just that. Endangered species are put on a special list. The law forbids activities that would harm a species on this list.
Protecting Habitats Each organism is part of a huge, interconnected web of organisms. The entire web should be protected to protect these organisms. To protect the web, complete habitats, not just individual species, must be preserved.
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19. Environmental Solutions
Section 2
Environmental Solutions
Environmental Strategies
Some Strategies to Follow Reduce pollution and pesticide use. Protect habitats and endangered species. Develop alternative forms of energy sources
What You Can Do Reduce, reuse, and recycle. Protect the Earth. These are jobs for everyone. Children as well as adults can help clean up the Earth. By doing so, people can improve their environment. And they can improve their quality of life.
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20. Environmental Problems and Solutions
Chapter 21
Environmental Problems and Solutions
Concept Map
Use the following terms to complete the concept map on the next slide: conservation, renewable resources, fossil fuels, aluminum, nonrenewable resources, solar energy, environmental solutions.
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21. Chapter 21
Concept Map
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22. Chapter 21
Concept Map
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