1. The Population of Texas and The United States: Historical Patterns and Future Trends Affecting Education, The Labor Force and Economic Development Steve H. Murdock Department of Sociology Rice University Corpus Christi, Texas October 14, 2010

2. Major Topics of the Presentation __________________________ Change in Rates and Sources of Population Growth Increase in NonAnglo Populations Aging of the Population Implications of Demographic Change for Education, the Labor Force and Economic Development

3. Sources of Data U.S. Census Bureau: www.census.gov See website for definitions for U.S. race categories. Texas State Data Center: txsdc.utsa.edu See website for definitions for Texas race categories.

4. Total Population and Percent Population Change in Texas and the United States, 1850-2009 4 Total Population Percent Change YearTexasU.S. TexasU.S. 1850 212,592 23,191,876--- 1860 604,215 31,443,321184.235.6 1870 818,579 39,818,44935.526.6 1880 1,591,749 50,155,78394.526.0 1890 2,235,527 62,947,71440.425.5 1900 3,048,710 75,994,57536.420.7 1910 3,896,542 91,972,26627.821.0 1920 4,663,228 105,710,62019.714.9 1930 5,824,715 122,775,04624.916.1 1940 6,414,824 131,669,27510.17.2 1950 7,711,194 150,697,36120.214.5 1960 9,579,677 179,323,17524.219.0 1970 11,196,730 203,302,03116.913.4 1980 14,229,191 226,545,80527.111.4 1990 16,986,510 248,709,87319.49.8 2000 20,851,820 281,421,90622.813.2 2009 24,782,302 307,006,55018.89.1 * Source: Derived from the U.S. Census Bureau decennial census and population estimates. Values for years ending in 0 reference April 1 of the year. Value for 2009 is an estimate for July 1.

5. Components of Change, U.S. and Texas, 2000-2009 United States Texas Component Numeric Change Percent of Total Change Numeric Change Percent of Total Change Total Change25,584,644100.03,930,482100.0 Natural Increase15,875,57962.12,124,12454.0 Net Domestic Migration-------848,70221.6 Net International Migration9,709,06537.9957,65624.4 Source: Derived from U.S. Bureau of the Census.

6. Estimates of the Undocumented in Texas Note: Pew Hispanic Center estimates for 2005 and 2008 were re-weighted in 2010. All estimates are subject to error. See sources for details on methodology.

7. YearRobert WarrenPewHomeland Security 2000 1,075,000 1,100,000 1,090,000 2001 1,147,000 2002 1,212,000 2003 1,244,000 2004 1,289,000 2005 1,337,000 1,400,000 1,670,000 2006 1,384,000 1,620,000 2007 1,420,000 1,710,000 2008 1,400,000 1,680,000 2009 1,600,000 1,680,000 Estimates of the Undocumented in Texas

8. Bibliography Hoefer, Michael, Nancy Rytina, and Bryan C. Baker 2010. Estimates of the Unauthorized Immigrant Population Residing in the United States: January 2009. Washington, D.C.: Department of Homeland Security, January. Passel, Jeffrey S. and D’Vera Cohn 2010. U.S. Unauthorized Immigration Flows Are Down Sharply Since Mid-Decade. Washington, D.C.: Pew Hispanic Center, September. Warren, Robert unpublished. Unauthorized Immigration to Texas: Annual Estimates for 1990 to 2007.

9. Ten Largest States in the United States by Population Size in 2009: Population in 2000 and 2009 9 State 2000 Population* 2009 Population* Change 2000-2009 NumericPercent California33,871,64836,961,6643,090,0169.1 Texas20,851,82024,782,3023,930,48218.8 New York18,976,45719,541,453564,9963.0 Florida15,982,37818,537,9692,555,59116.0 Illinois12,419,29312,910,409491,1164.0 Pennsylvania12,281,05412,604,767323,7132.6 Ohio11,353,14011,542,645189,5051.7 Michigan9,938,4449,969,72731,2830.3 Georgia8,186,4539,829,2111,642,75820.1 North Carolina8,049,3139,380,8841,331,57116.5 * Population values are decennial census counts for April 1 for 2000 and estimates for July 1 for 2009. Source: Derived from U.S. Bureau, Population Division

10. Ten States in the United States with Largest Numeric Population Increase: 2000-2009 10 State 2000 Population* 2009 Population* Change 2000-2009 NumericPercent Texas20,851,82024,782,3023,930,48218.8 California33,871,64836,961,6643,090,0169.1 Florida15,982,37818,537,9692,555,59116.0 Georgia8,186,4539,829,2111,642,75820.1 Arizona5,130,6326,595,7781,465,14628.6 North Carolina8,049,3139,380,8841,331,57116.5 Virginia7,078,5157,882,590804,07511.4 Washington5,894,1216,664,195770,07413.1 Colorado4,301,2615,024,748723,48716.8 Nevada1,998,2572,643,085644,82832.3 * Population values are decennial census counts for April 1 for 2000 and estimates for July 1 for 2009. Source: Derived from U.S. Bureau, Population Division

11. Ten States in the United States with Largest Percentage Population Increases: 2000-2009 11 State 2000 Population* 2009 Population* Change 2000-2009 NumericPercent Nevada1,998,2572,643,085644,82832.3 Arizona5,130,6326,595,7781,465,14628.6 Utah2,233,1692,784,572551,40324.7 Georgia8,186,4539,829,2111,642,75820.1 Idaho1,293,9531,545,801251,84819.5 Texas20,851,82024,782,3023,930,48218.8 Colorado4,301,2615,024,748723,48716.8 North Carolina8,049,3139,380,8841,331,57116.5 Florida15,982,37818,537,9692,555,59116.0 South Carolina4,012,0124,561,242549,23013.7 * Population values are decennial census counts for April 1 for 2000 and estimates for July 1 for 2009. Source: Derived from U.S. Bureau, Population Division

12. Population Change in Texas Counties, 1990-2000 Source: Texas State Data Center

13. Texas Regional Councils of Governments

14. Councils of Governments in Texas Ranked by Total Population in 2009: Total Population in 2000 and 2009; Numeric and Percent Change, 2000-2009; and Percent of the State Population (2009) and State Population Change Total PopulationPopulation ChangePercent of State Council of Government20002009Numeric% Population 2009 Change, 2000-09 North Central Texas5,309,2706,614,8891,305,61924.626.733.2 Houston-Galveston4,854,4476,005,3341,150,88723.724.229.3 Alamo Area1,807,8772,175,874367,99720.48.89.4 Capital Area1,346,8351,816,818469,98334.97.312.0 Lower Rio Grande Valley924,7801,157,918233,13825.24.75.9 East Texas745,180813,56668,3869.23.31.7 Rio Grande704,318775,92071,60210.23.11.8 Coastal Bend549,014559,06710,0531.82.30.3 Central Texas374,513422,76748,25412.91.71.2 Panhandle402,856415,85613,0003.21.70.3 Permian Basin376,670402,27725,6076.81.60.7 South Plains377,870397,35519,4855.21.60.5 South East Texas385,090378,477-6,613-1.71.5-0.2 Deep East Texas355,861369,67113,8103.91.50.4 Heart of Texas321,533345,30823,7757.41.40.6 South Texas264,177323,14258,96522.31.31.5 West Central Texas324,897317,539-7,358-2.31.3-0.2 Brazos Valley267,087301,42834,34112.91.20.9 Ark-Tex270,475278,5708,0953.01.10.2 Nortex224,362217,270-7,092-3.20.9-0.2 Texoma178,202191,67913,4777.60.80.3 Golden Crescent183,906187,5323,6262.00.80.1 Middle Rio Grande154,385163,4089,0235.80.70.2 Concho Valley148,213150,6372,4241.60.60.1 State of Texas20,851,81824,782,3023,930,48418.8100.0

15. Texas Metropolitan Statistical Areas

16. Metropolitan Statistical Areas in Texas Ranked by Numerical Change Between 2000 and 2009: Total Population in 2000 and 2009 and Numeric (U.S. Rank) and Percent Change, 2000-2009 Total PopulationPopulation Change Metropolitan Statistical Area20002009Numeric(Rank)% Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington5,161,5446,447,6151,286,078(1)24.9 Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown4,715,4075,867,4891,152,072(3)24.4 Austin-Round Rock1,249,7631,705,075455,329(12)36.4 San Antonio1,711,7032,072,128360,412(17)21.1 McAllen-Edinburg-Mission569,463741,152171,681(34)30.1 El Paso679,622751,29671,674(71)10.5 Brownsville-Harlingen335,227396,37161,144(84)18.2 Killeen-Temple-Fort Hood330,714379,23148,522(97)14.7 Laredo193,117241,43848,321(99)25.0 Tyler174,706204,66529,959(133)17.1 College Station-Bryan184,885212,26827,383(139)14.8 Lubbock249,700276,65926,962(141)10.8 Amarillo226,522246,47419,952(171)8.8 Waco213,517233,37819,859(174)9.3 Midland116,009132,31616,307(198)14.1 Odessa121,123134,62513,502(212)11.1 Longview194,042206,87412,832(215)6.6 Corpus Christi403,280416,09512,813(217)3.2 Sherman-Denison110,595120,0309,435(240)8.5 Texarkana /AR129,749137,4867,732(257)6.0 San Angelo105,781110,1194,338(286)4.1 Victoria111,663115,3963,728(292)3.3 Abilene160,245160,070-171(318)-0.1 Wichita Falls151,524147,421-4,103(340)-2.7 Beaumont-Port Arthur385,090378,477-6,613(349)-1.7 Source: U.S. Census Bureau

17. Population Change in Texas Counties, 2000-2003 Source: Texas State Data Center

18. Population Change in Texas Counties, 2000-2006 Source: Prepared from U.S. Bureau of the Census, 2006 County Estimates by the Texas State Data Center, The University of Texas at San Antonio

19. Population Change in Texas Counties, 2000-2008

21. Population of the United States by Regions, 1900-2000

22. Proportion of U.S. Population by Race/Ethnicity in Each Region in 2000

23. Population, Percent Population Change, and Proportion of Population by Race/Ethnicity for Texas and the United States, 1980-1990 Source: Texas State Data Center using 1980 Census Sample Data and 1990 Summary Tape File 1 (STF 1) – 100-Percent Data

24. Population, Percent Change in Population and Proportion of Population by Race/Ethnicity for Texas and the United States, 1990 and 2000 Source: Texas State Data Center

25. Population, Percent Change in Population and Proportion of Total Population by Ethnicity for Texas and the United States, 2000 and 2009 Population Percent Change Proportion of Population Race/Ethnic Category20002009 2000- 200920002009 Texas White Alone, Not Hispanic 10,986,96511,583,1165.452.746.7 Black Alone, Not Hispanic 2,378,4442,812,01518.211.411.3 Other, Not Hispanic 816,7451,239,11551.73.95.0 Hispanic 6,669,6669,148,05637.232.036.9 Total 20,851,820 24,782,30218.8100.0 United States White Alone, Not Hispanic195,575,485199,851,2402.269.565.1 Black Alone, Not Hispanic34,313,00737,681,5449.812.212.3 Other, Not Hispanic*16,227,59621,054,44229.75.86.9 Hispanic35,305,81848,419,32437.112.515.8 Total 281,421,906307,006,5509.1100.0 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division, Population Estimates for the United States, 2009 Vintage

26. Proportion of Change in Population by Race/Ethnicity for Texas and the United States from 2000 to 2009

27. Population, Percent Change in Population and Proportion of Total Population by Ethnicity for Bexar County and Texas, 2000 and 2009 Population Percent Change Proportion of Population Race/Ethnic Category20002009 2000- 200920002009 Bexar County White Alone, Not Hispanic500,477516,9323.335.931.3 Black Alone, Not Hispanic96,768111,85915.66.96.8 Other, Not Hispanic38,65360,05755.42.83.6 Hispanic 757,033962,60027.254.358.3 Total 1,392,931 1,651,44818.6100.0 Texas White Alone, Not Hispanic 10,986,96511,583,1165.452.746.7 Black Alone, Not Hispanic 2,378,4442,812,01518.211.411.3 Other, Not Hispanic 816,7451,239,11551.73.95.0 Hispanic 6,669,6669,148,05637.232.036.9 Total 20,851,820 24,782,30218.8100.0 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division, Population Estimates for the United States, 2009 Vintage

28. Population, Percent Change in Population and Proportion of Total Population by Ethnicity for Dallas County and Texas, 2000 and 2009 Population Percent Change Proportion of Population Race/Ethnic Category20002009 2000- 200920002009 Dallas County White Alone, Not Hispanic989,665844,279-14.744.634.4 Black Alone, Not Hispanic448,697492,2389.720.220.1 Other, Not Hispanic117,808147,66525.35.36.0 Hispanic 662,729967,54846.029.939.5 Total 2,218,8992,451,73010.5100.0 Texas White Alone, Not Hispanic 10,986,96511,583,1165.452.746.7 Black Alone, Not Hispanic 2,378,4442,812,01518.211.411.3 Other, Not Hispanic 816,7451,239,11551.73.95.0 Hispanic 6,669,6669,148,05637.232.036.9 Total 20,851,820 24,782,30218.8100.0 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division, Population Estimates for the United States, 2009 Vintage

29. Population, Percent Change in Population and Proportion of Total Population by Ethnicity for Harris County and Texas, 2000 and 2009 Population Percent Change Proportion of Population Race/Ethnic Category20002009 2000- 200920002009 Harris County White Alone, Not Hispanic1,444,1601,438,913-0.442.535.3 Black Alone, Not Hispanic623,637730,01017.118.317.9 Other, Not Hispanic213,030282,64032.76.36.9 Hispanic 1,119,7511,619,42644.632.939.8 Total 3,400,5784,070,98919.7100.0 Texas White Alone, Not Hispanic 10,986,96511,583,1165.452.746.7 Black Alone, Not Hispanic 2,378,4442,812,01518.211.411.3 Other, Not Hispanic 816,7451,239,11551.73.95.0 Hispanic 6,669,6669,148,05637.232.036.9 Total 20,851,820 24,782,30218.8100.0 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division, Population Estimates for the United States, 2009 Vintage

30. Population Change by Race/Ethnicity, continued

31. Population, Percent Change in Population and Proportion of Population by Ethnicity for Texas and the United States, 2000 and 2008 Population Percent Change Proportion of Population Race/Ethnic Category20002008 2000- 200820002008 Texas White Alone, Not Hispanic 10,933,313 11,525,6235.452.447.4 Black Alone, Not Hispanic 2,364,255 2,748,32316.211.3 Other, Not Hispanic 884,586 1,182,55333.74.24.9 Hispanic 6,669,666 8,870,47533.032.036.5 Total 20,851,820 24,326,97416.7100.0 United States White Alone, Not Hispanic 194,552,774 199,491,4582.569.165.6 Black Alone, Not Hispanic 33,947,837 37,171,7509.512.112.2 Other, Not Hispanic 17,615,477 20,452,90316.16.36.7 Hispanic 35,305,818 46,943,61333.012.515.4 Total 281,421,906 304,059,7248.0100.0 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000 and Population Estimates, 2008

32. Latino Population (1000s) in 1990 and 2000 and Percentage Growth for Top 20 States in 2000

33. Hispanic Origin Population (1000s) in 2000 and 2007 and Percentage Change for Top 20 States in 2007 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000 from Summary File 1 Table QT-P9; 2007 from Population Estimates, Table SC-EST2007-04

34. Birth-Death Ratios by Hispanic Origin, United States and Texas, 2000-2006 Source: U.S. data from U.S. Census Bureau. Texas data from Texas State Data Center

35. Median Age in the United States and Texas, 1900-2007

36. Percent Change in Population by Age Group in the United States and Texas, 1990-2000

37. Percent Change in Population by Age Group in the United States and Texas, 2000-2007

38. Percent of Texas Population by Age Group and Ethnicity, 2000

39. Percent of Texas Population by Age Group and Ethnicity, 2040*

40. Percent of United States Population By Age Group and Ethnicity, 2000

41. POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS AND SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS

42. Median Household Income in the United States by Age of Householder, 1999 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Money Income in the United States: 1999, Current Population Report P60-209

43. Median Household Income in the United States by Race/Ethnicity, 1989 and 1999 with Percent Change 1989 to 1999

44. Median Household Income In 1999 in Texas by Race/Ethnicity of Householder

45. Educational Attainment in 2000 in Texas for Persons 25+ Years of Age By Race/Ethnicity _____________________________________ Percent

46. Average (Mean) SAT Scores for College Bound Seniors in the United States in 2001 by Selected Characteristics

47. Total and Percent of the Population in Poverty and Median Household Income by Race/Ethnicity, 1999 and 2009 1999 2009 Population in Poverty% Median Household Income* Population in Poverty% Median Household Income Anglo 826,4597.8$60,839 1,010,1709.0$59,836 Hispanic 1,658,43425.4$38,536 2,364,40726.4$35,628 Black 525,08223.4$37,803 630,47923.1$35,438 Asian 65,04811.9$64,576 105,18612.1$63,692 Other42,58613.9NA40,00011.9NA Total 3,117,60915.4$51,506 4,150,24217.2$50,043 *In 2009 Dollars Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000 and American Community Survey, 2009

48. Educational Attainment by Ethnicity in Corpus Christi and Texas, 2009 Number Percent Educational AttainmentAngloHispanic Total Population AngloHispanic Total Population Less than high school4,23730,43336,807 6.330.820.6 H.S. diploma or equivalent15,87729,48048,282 23.629.927.0 Some college23,47127,68256,042 34.828.031.3 Bachelor's degree or more23,78111,14137,864 35.311.321.2 Population Age 25 and Older67,36698,736178,995 100.0 Number Percent Educational AttainmentAngloHispanic Total Population AngloHispanic Total Population Less than high school 667,138 2,071,537 3,093,666 8.342.520.1 H.S. diploma or equivalent 2,028,759 1,227,751 3,906,082 25.325.225.4 Some college 2,608,744 1,043,316 4,444,505 32.521.428.9 Bachelor's degree or more 2,721,408 533,913 3,917,304 33.910.925.5 Population Age 25 and Older 8,026,049 4,876,517 15,361,557 100.0 State of Texas Corpus Christi Source: American Community SurveyHobby Center for the Study of Texas at Rice University48

49. Educational Attainment by Ethnicity in Nueces County and Texas, 2009 Number Percent Educational AttainmentAngloHispanic Total Population AngloHispanic Total Population Less than high school5,35735,93743,431 6.931.821.3 H.S. diploma or equivalent18,56833,25254,903 24.029.426.9 Some college27,562 31,03163,550 35.627.531.2 Bachelor's degree or more26,02612,70941,871 33.611.320.5 Population Age 25 and Older77,513 112,929203,755 100.0 Number Percent Educational AttainmentAngloHispanic Total Population AngloHispanic Total Population Less than high school 667,138 2,071,537 3,093,666 8.342.520.1 H.S. diploma or equivalent 2,028,759 1,227,751 3,906,082 25.325.225.4 Some college 2,608,744 1,043,316 4,444,505 32.521.428.9 Bachelor's degree or more 2,721,408 533,913 3,917,304 33.910.925.5 Population Age 25 and Older 8,026,049 4,876,517 15,361,557 100.0 State of Texas Nueces County Source: American Community SurveyHobby Center for the Study of Texas at Rice University49

50. Educational Attainment by Ethnicity in San Patricio County and Texas, 2009 Number Percent Educational AttainmentAngloHispanic Total Population AngloHispanic Total Population Less than high school 1,438 7,482 9,439 7.236.222.3 H.S. diploma or equivalent 7,104 6,739 14,694 35.532.634.7 Some college 7,371 5,289 12,740 36.825.630.1 Bachelor's degree or more 4,092 1,160 5,444 20.55.612.9 Population Age 25 and Older 20,005 20,670 42,317 100.0 Number Percent Educational AttainmentAngloHispanic Total Population AngloHispanic Total Population Less than high school 667,138 2,071,537 3,093,666 8.342.520.1 H.S. diploma or equivalent 2,028,759 1,227,751 3,906,082 25.325.225.4 Some college 2,608,744 1,043,316 4,444,505 32.521.428.9 Bachelor's degree or more 2,721,408 533,913 3,917,304 33.910.925.5 Population Age 25 and Older 8,026,049 4,876,517 15,361,557 100.0 State of Texas San Patricio County Source: American Community SurveyHobby Center for the Study of Texas at Rice University50

51. Educational Attainment by Ethnicity in Corpus Christi MSA and Texas, 2009 Number Percent Educational AttainmentAngloHispanic Total Population AngloHispanic Total Population Less than high school 7,808 44,284 55,013 7.032.520.8 H.S. diploma or equivalent 30,883 40,725 75,984 27.729.928.8 Some college 38,678 36,764 80,814 34.627.030.6 Bachelor's degree or more 34,313 14,281 52,216 30.710.519.8 Population Age 25 and Older 111,682 136,054 264,027 100.0 Number Percent Educational AttainmentAngloHispanic Total Population AngloHispanic Total Population Less than high school 667,138 2,071,537 3,093,666 8.342.520.1 H.S. diploma or equivalent 2,028,759 1,227,751 3,906,082 25.325.225.4 Some college 2,608,744 1,043,316 4,444,505 32.521.428.9 Bachelor's degree or more 2,721,408 533,913 3,917,304 33.910.925.5 Population Age 25 and Older 8,026,049 4,876,517 15,361,557 100.0 State of Texas Corpus Christi MSA Source: American Community SurveyHobby Center for the Study of Texas at Rice University51

52. Educational Attainment by Ethnicity in Texas and the United States, 2009 Number Percent Educational AttainmentAngloHispanic Total Population AngloHispanic Total Population Less than high school 667,138 2,071,537 3,093,666 8.342.520.1 H.S. diploma or equivalent 2,028,759 1,227,751 3,906,082 25.325.225.4 Some college 2,608,744 1,043,316 4,444,505 32.521.428.9 Bachelor's degree or more 2,721,408 533,913 3,917,304 33.910.925.5 Population Age 25 and Older 8,026,049 4,876,517 15,361,557 100.0 Number Percent Educational AttainmentAngloHispanic Total Population AngloHispanic Total Population Less than high school 13,467,562 10,210,226 29,785,248 9.639.114.7 H.S. diploma or equivalent 40,968,940 6,829,539 57,551,671 29.326.228.5 Some college 41,990,049 5,778,537 58,279,810 30.022.128.9 Bachelor's degree or more 43,535,648 3,288,285 56,335,654 31.112.627.9 Population Age 25 and Older 139,962,199 26,106,587 201,952,383 100.0 United States State of Texas Source: American Community SurveyHobby Center for the Study of Texas at Rice University52

53. Occupation by Ethnicity in Corpus Christi and Texas, 2009 Number Percent OccupationAngloHispanic Total Workforce AngloHispanic Total Workforce Professional 18,004 17,031 37,56941.325.231.1 Services 5,520 15,974 23,99612.723.619.9 Sales & Office 11,564 16,047 30,18126.523.725.0 Agriculture 86 340 5720.20.5 Construction, Extraction, Repair & Related 4,616 9,897 14,89310.614.612.3 Production, Transportation, & Related 3,805 8,380 13,6588.712.411.3 Civilian Workforce 43,595 67,669 120,869 100.0 Corpus Christi State of Texas Number Percent OccupationAngloHispanic Total Workforce AngloHispanic Total Workforce Professional 2,450,418 718,713 3,791,02743.319.033.8 Services 691,143 937,410 1,985,71312.224.717.7 Sales & Office 1,539,859 846,715 2,843,00827.222.325.4 Agriculture 23,128 36,984 63,3060.41.00.6 Construction, Extraction, Repair & Related 473,244 664,321 1,223,1798.417.510.9 Production, Transportation, & Related 481,603 587,263 1,305,3788.515.511.6 Civilian Workforce 5,659,395 3,791,406 11,211,611 100.0 Source: American Community SurveyHobby Center for the Study of Texas at Rice University53

54. Occupation by Ethnicity in Nueces County and Texas, 2009 Number Percent OccupationAngloHispanic Total Workforce AngloHispanic Total Workforce Professional 19,996 18,318 40,91639.724.130.0 Services 6,655 18,675 27,86613.224.620.5 Sales & Office 13,148 17,655 33,48226.123.224.6 Agriculture 198 620 9640.40.80.7 Construction, Extraction, Repair & Related 5,531 10,948 16,85911.014.412.4 Production, Transportation, & Related 4,855 9,751 16,0799.612.811.8 Civilian Workforce 50,383 75,967 136,166 100.0 Nueces County State of Texas Number Percent OccupationAngloHispanic Total Workforce AngloHispanic Total Workforce Professional 2,450,418 718,713 3,791,02743.319.033.8 Services 691,143 937,410 1,985,71312.224.717.7 Sales & Office 1,539,859 846,715 2,843,00827.222.325.4 Agriculture 23,128 36,984 63,3060.41.00.6 Construction, Extraction, Repair & Related 473,244 664,321 1,223,1798.417.510.9 Production, Transportation, & Related 481,603 587,263 1,305,3788.515.511.6 Civilian Workforce 5,659,395 3,791,406 11,211,611 100.0 Source: American Community SurveyHobby Center for the Study of Texas at Rice University54

55. Occupation by Ethnicity in San Patricio County and Texas, 2009 Number Percent OccupationAngloHispanic Total Workforce AngloHispanic Total Workforce Professional 5,079 2,761 7,93537.120.027.9 Services 1,911 4,471 6,68514.032.423.5 Sales & Office 4,084 2,494 6,77329.818.123.8 Agriculture 76 268 3440.61.91.2 Construction, Extraction, Repair & Related 1,468 1,439 3,05210.710.410.7 Production, Transportation, & Related 1,075 2,371 3,6147.917.212.7 Civilian Workforce 13,693 13,804 28,403 100.0 San Patricio County State of Texas Number Percent OccupationAngloHispanic Total Workforce AngloHispanic Total Workforce Professional 2,450,418 718,713 3,791,02743.319.033.8 Services 691,143 937,410 1,985,71312.224.717.7 Sales & Office 1,539,859 846,715 2,843,00827.222.325.4 Agriculture 23,128 36,984 63,3060.41.00.6 Construction, Extraction, Repair & Related 473,244 664,321 1,223,1798.417.510.9 Production, Transportation, & Related 481,603 587,263 1,305,3788.515.511.6 Civilian Workforce 5,659,395 3,791,406 11,211,611 100.0 Source: American Community SurveyHobby Center for the Study of Texas at Rice University55

56. Occupation by Ethnicity in Corpus Christi MSA and Texas, 2009 Number Percent OccupationAngloHispanic Total Workforce AngloHispanic Total Workforce Professional 27,641 21,338 51,90438.923.329.8 Services 9,213 23,804 36,00813.026.020.7 Sales & Office 18,610 20,618 42,29126.222.524.3 Agriculture 452 888 1,4860.61.00.9 Construction, Extraction, Repair & Related 7,856 12,713 21,24411.113.912.2 Production, Transportation, & Related 7,289 12,160 21,32710.313.312.2 Civilian Workforce 71,061 91,521 174,260 100.0 Corpus Christi MSA State of Texas Number Percent OccupationAngloHispanic Total Workforce AngloHispanic Total Workforce Professional 2,450,418 718,713 3,791,02743.319.033.8 Services 691,143 937,410 1,985,71312.224.717.7 Sales & Office 1,539,859 846,715 2,843,00827.222.325.4 Agriculture 23,128 36,984 63,3060.41.00.6 Construction, Extraction, Repair & Related 473,244 664,321 1,223,1798.417.510.9 Production, Transportation, & Related 481,603 587,263 1,305,3788.515.511.6 Civilian Workforce 5,659,395 3,791,406 11,211,611 100.0 Source: American Community SurveyHobby Center for the Study of Texas at Rice University56

57. Occupation by Ethnicity in Texas and the United States, 2009 Number Percent OccupationAngloHispanic Total Workforce AngloHispanic Total Workforce Professional 2,450,418 718,713 3,791,02743.319.033.8 Services 691,143 937,410 1,985,71312.224.717.7 Sales & Office 1,539,859 846,715 2,843,00827.222.325.4 Agriculture 23,128 36,984 63,3060.41.00.6 Construction, Extraction, Repair & Related 473,244 664,321 1,223,1798.417.510.9 Production, Transportation, & Related 481,603 587,263 1,305,3788.515.511.6 Civilian Workforce 5,659,395 3,791,406 11,211,611 100.0 State of Texas United States Number Percent OccupationAngloHispanic Total Workforce AngloHispanic Total Workforce Professional 38,108,011 3,728,247 50,179,98739.618.635.7 Services 14,312,602 5,277,207 25,066,64714.926.317.8 Sales & Office 24,935,871 4,394,921 35,425,75625.921.925.2 Agriculture 442,765 475,857 988,0700.52.40.7 Construction, Extraction, Repair & Related 8,223,456 2,806,607 12,273,8978.614.08.7 Production, Transportation, & Related 10,148,918 3,372,212 16,668,11310.616.811.9 Civilian Workforce 96,171,623 20,055,051 140,602,470 100.0 Source: American Community SurveyHobby Center for the Study of Texas at Rice University57

58. Median Household Income by Householder Ethnicity in Selected Areas, 2009 Geographic AreaAngloHispanic All Households Corpus Christi$52,350$36,538$42,157 Nueces County$52,321$34,881$40,831 San Patricio County$57,139$41,302$47,838 Corpus Christi MSA$53,381$34,935$42,278 Texas$59,836$35,628$48,259 United States$54,671$39,923$50,221 Source: American Community SurveyHobby Center for the Study of Texas at Rice University58

59. PROJECTIONS

60. Projections of the U.S. Population by Race and Hispanic Origin: 2000 to 2050

61. Numeric Change in the Projected U.S. Population by Race and Hispanic Origin: 2000 to 2050 (in millions)

62. Projections of the U.S. Population by Race and Hispanic Origin: 2000 to 2050

63. Percent Change in the Projected U.S. Population by Race and Hispanic Origin: 2000 to 2050

64. Projected Change in the U.S. Population by Race and Hispanic Origin: 2000 to 2050

65. Projected Age Distribution of the U.S. Population: 2000 to 2050

66. Percent Race and Hispanic Origin Distribution of the U.S. Population by Selected Age Groups: 2000

67. Projected Percent Race and Hispanic Origin Distribution of the U.S. Population by Selected Age Groups: 2050

68. Population in Texas by Race/Ethnicity in 2000 and Projections of the Population in Texas by Race/Ethnicity from 2010 to 2040

69. Percent Change for Selected Time Periods for Projected Population in Texas by Race/Ethnicity Under Alternative Scenarios of Age/Sex and Race/Ethnicity-Specific Net Migration

70. Percent of Population in Texas by Race/Ethnicity in 2000 and Projections of the Population in Texas by Race/Ethnicity from 2010 to 2040

71. Texas Counties with 50 Percent or More of Their Total Population That is Anglo in 2000 and Projected for 2040 Under Alternative Projection Scenarios

72. Percent of Persons 65 Years of Age and Older in Texas Counties, 2000

73. Percent of Persons 65 Years of Age and Older in Texas Counties, 2040* * Assuming rates of migration equal to 2000-2004

74. Population by Race/Ethnicity in 2000 and Projections of the Population by Race/Ethnicity from 2010 to 2040 Under Alternative Scenarios of Age/Sex and Race/Ethnicity-Specific Net Migration for the Coastal Bend Council of Governments

75. Percent Change for Selected Time Periods for Projected Population by Race/Ethnicity Under Alternative Scenarios of Age/Sex and Race/Ethnicity-Specific Net Migration for the Coastal Bend Council of Governments

76. Percent of Population by Race/Ethnicity in 2000 and Projections of the Population by Race/Ethnicity from 2010 to 2040 Under Alternative Scenarios of Age/Sex and Race/Ethnicity-Specific Net Migration for the Coastal Bend Council of Governments

77. Percent of Population by Age Group and Race/Ethnicity in 2000 and Projected Percent of Population by Age and Race/Ethnicity from 2020 to 2040 Under Alternative Scenarios of Age/Sex and Race/Ethnicity-Specific Net Migration for the Coastal Bend Council of Governments

78. Percent of Net Change in the Population from 2000-2040 Due to Each Race/Ethnicity Group Under Alternative Scenarios of Age/Sex and Race/Ethnicity-Specific Net Migration for the Coastal Bend Council of Governments

79. Population by Race/Ethnicity in 2000 and Projections of the Population by Race/Ethnicity from 2010 to 2040 Under Alternative Scenarios of Age/Sex and Race/Ethnicity-Specific Net Migration for the Corpus Christi Metropolitian Statistical Area

80. Percent Change for Selected Time Periods for Projected Population by Race/Ethnicity Under Alternative Scenarios of Age/Sex and Race/Ethnicity-Specific Net Migration for the Corpus Christi Metropolitian Statistical Area

81. Percent of Population by Race/Ethnicity in 2000 and Projections of the Population by Race/Ethnicity from 2010 to 2040 Under Alternative Scenarios of Age/Sex and Race/Ethnicity-Specific Net Migration for the Corpus Christi Metropolitian Statistical Area

82. Percent of Population by Age Group and Race/Ethnicity in 2000 and Projected Percent of Population by Age and Race/Ethnicity from 2020 to 2040 Under Alternative Scenarios of Age/Sex and Race/Ethnicity-Specific Net Migration for the Corpus Christi Metropolitian Statistical Area

83. Percent of Net Change in the Population from 2000-2040 Due to Each Race/Ethnicity Group Under Alternative Scenarios of Age/Sex and Race/Ethnicity-Specific Net Migration for the Corpus Christi Metropolitian Statistical Area

84. U.S. EDUCATION

85. Projected Elementary and Secondary School, Community College and Public University Enrollment in the United States by Race/Ethnicity, 2000-2050

86. Percent of Projected Elementary and Secondary School, Community College and Public University Enrollment in the United States by Race/Ethnicity, 2000-2050

87. Percent Change for Selected Time Periods for Projected Elementary and Secondary School, Community College and Public University Enrollment in the United States by Race/Ethnicity, 2000-2050

88. Percent of Net Change in Elementary and Secondary School, Community College and Public University Enrollment in the United States Due to Each Race/Ethnicity, 2000-2050

89. U.S. LABOR FORCE

90. Projections of the Civilian Labor Force of the United States from 2001 to 2050 by Race/Ethnicity from the Middle Projection Scenario

91. Percent of the Projections of the Civilian Labor Force of the United States from 2001 to 2050 by Race/Ethnicity for the Middle Projection Scenario

92. Percent Change for Selected Time Periods for Projected Civilian Labor Force by Race/Ethnicity for The United States, 2000-2050

93. Percent of Net Change in the U.S. Civilian Labor Force from 2000-2050 Due to Each Race/Ethnicity Group Under Middle Scenario

94. TEXAS EDUCATION

95. Enrollment and Change in Enrollment of Economically Disadvantaged and All Students by Ethnicity in Texas Public Schools, 1998-99 and 2008-09 School Years Enrollment10-Year Change Race/Ethnic Category1998-992008-09NumericPercent Economically Disadvantaged White368,387402,05733,6709.1 African American364,434460,70396,26926.4 Other36,58957,85221,26358.1 Hispanic1,146,0711,765,647619,57654.1 Total1,915,4812,686,259770,77840.2 Total White1,746,8961,616,115-130,781-7.5 African American568,757671,871103,11418.1 Other112,068186,48774,41966.4 Hispanic1,526,7132,275,098748,38549.0 Total3,954,4344,749,571795,13720.1 Source: Texas Education Agency, Enrollment in Texas Public Schools, 2008-09 http://ritter.tea.state.tx.us/research/pdfs/enrollment_2008-09.pdf

96. Enrollment, Percent Change in Enrollment and Proportion of Enrollment of Economically Disadvantaged and All Students by Ethnicity in Texas Public Schools, 1998-99 and 2008-09 School Years Enrollment Percent Change Proportion of Enrollment Race/Ethnic Category1998-992008-0910-Year1998-992008-09 Economically Disadvantaged Students White368,387402,0579.119.215.0 African American364,434460,70326.419.017.2 Other36,58957,85258.11.92.2 Hispanic1,146,0711,765,64754.159.865.7 Total1,915,4812,686,25940.2100.0 All Students White1,746,8961,616,115-7.544.234.0 African American568,757671,87118.114.414.1 Other112,068186,48766.42.83.9 Hispanic1,526,7132,275,09849.038.647.9 Total3,954,4344,749,57120.1100.0 Source: Texas Education Agency, Enrollment in Texas Public Schools, 2008-09 http://ritter.tea.state.tx.us/research/pdfs/enrollment_2008-09.pdf

97. District/County/School Year White (%) African American (%)Hispanic (%) Asian/Pacific Islander (%) Native American (%) Total Enrollment Houston ISD (Harris) 2000-200110.032.154.92.9.1208,462 2007-20088.028.460.33.2.1198,769 Dallas ISD (Dallas) 2000-20017.835.954.51.4.4161,548 2007-20084.828.765.31.0.2157,605 Cypress-Fairbanks ISD (Harris) 2000-200158.510.023.47.9.263,497 2007-200838.815.237.18.6.396,546 Northside ISD (Bexar) 2000-200136.76.654.32.2.263,739 2007-200825.47.863.23.3.385,544 Austin ISD (Travis) 2000-200133.715.747.82.5.377,816 2007-200826.412.158.03.3.282,181 Fort Worth ISD ( Tarrant) 2000-200121.430.945.42.1.279,661 2007-200814.325.658.21.6.378,732 Fort Bend ISD (Fort Bend) 2000-200137.828.018.116.0.153,999 2007-200824.431.823.020.6.267,780 Arlington ISD (Tarrant) 2000-200147.321.324.06.8.658,866 2007-200831.423.937.27.1.462,560 North East ISD (Bexar) 2000-200149.19.438.82.5.250,875 2007-200839.29.447.43.7.361,910 El Paso ISD (El Paso) 2000-200115.24.878.51.2.362,325 2007-200812.24.881.31.4.361,839 Total Public School Students by Race/Ethnicity in the 10 Largest* School Districts in Texas, 2000-2001 and 2007-2008 *Largest enrollment based on 2007-2008 school year Source: Data compiled by the Texas State Data Center from Texas Education Agency, Academic Excellence Indicator System (AEIS) District Profiles

98. Texas Higher Education Enrollment in Public Universities, Public 2-year Colleges and Health-related Institutions by Race/Ethnicity, 2000 and 2008 Enrollment by Race/Ethnicity Public Univ Public 2-year Colleges Health-related Institutions 2000 Enrollment White (%)58.452.861.3 African American (%)9.811.04.9 Hispanic (%)19.628.912.6 Asian (%)5.73.914.6 American Indian (%).5 International (%)5.32.44.8 Unknown (%).7.51.3 Total 2000 Enrollment414,626447,99813,806 2008 Enrollment White (%)50.445.251.3 African American (%)11.611.86.6 Hispanic (%)24.334.113.8 Asian (%)6.64.214.5 American Indian (%).5.6 International (%)5.72.59.7 Unknown (%).91.73.5 Total 2008 Enrollment509,136617,50720,421 Source: Data compiled by the Texas State Data Center using data from the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board (THECB)

99. Public Elementary and Secondary Public Community College, and Public University Enrollment in Texas by Race/Ethnicity in 2000 and Projections to 2040 Assuming Rates of Net Migration Equal to 1990-2000 (1.0 Scenario)

100. Percent of Public Elementary and Secondary, Public Community College and Public University Enrollment in Texas by Race/Ethnicity in 2000 and Projections to 2040 Assuming Rates of Net Migration Equal to 1990-2000 (1.0 Scenario)

101. Percent Change in Projected Public Elementary and Secondary, Public Community College and Public University Enrollment in Texas Assuming Rates of Net Migration Equal to 1990-2000 (1.0 Scenario)

102. Number and Percent of Net Change in Projected Public Elementary and Secondary, Public Community College and Public University Enrollment in Texas Due To Each Race/Ethnicity Group, Assuming Rates of Net Migration Equal to 1990-2000 (1.0 Scenario)

103. Future Demands for Specific Programs

104. TEXAS LABOR FORCE

105. Projections of Civilian Labor Force in Texas by Race/Ethnicity Assuming Alternative Projection Scenarios, 2000 to 2040

106. Percent Change in Projected Civilian Labor Force in Texas by Race/Ethnicity Assuming Alternative Projection Scenarios, 2000-2040

107. Projections of the Percent of Civilian Labor Force in Texas by Race/Ethnicity Assuming Alternative Projection Scenarios, 2000-2040

108. Number and percent of Net Change in the Civilian Labor Force in Texas Due to Each Race/Ethnicity Group, Assuming Alternative Projection Scenarios

109. Average Household Income in Texas, 2000-2040* (in 2000 Dollars)

110. Projected Percent of Households in Poverty by Family Type in Texas, 2000 and 2040

111. Projected Percent of Labor Force by Educational Attainment in Texas, 2000 and 2040

112. Average Annual Household Income in Texas and the United States by Educational Attainment of Householder in 2000*

113. Percent of Persons 25 Years of Age or Older by Level of Educational Attainment and Race/Ethnicity in 2000 and Projected to 2040* Assuming 1990-2000 Trends in Educational Attainment Rates

114. Aggregate Income and Consumer Expenditures for Population 25 Years of Age or Older in Texas in 2000 and Projected Under Alternative Educational Attainment Assumptions for 2040* *Source: Texas State Data Center. Projections are shown for the 1.0 scenario $251 $621 $765 $938 $210 $528 $629 $752 2000 Base Values 2040 Assuming 2000 Attainment Differentials 2040 Assuming 1990-2000 Trends in Differentials 2040 Assuming Anglo Trends Apply to all Groups $0 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1,000 $1,200 Billions Aggregate IncomeConsumer Expenditures

115. The mark of a truly educated man is to be moved deeply by statistics. George Bernard Shaw

116. Steve Murdock Phone: 210-867-4385 E-mail: shm3@rice.edu