1. HPC and e-Infrastructure Development in China’s High- tech R&D Program Danfeng Zhu Sino-German Joint Software Institute (JSI), Beihang University Dec. 13, 2012

2. Outline Related R&D programs in China Grid service environment HPC and Gird applications Next step

3. Related R&D programs in China NSFC Basic algorithms and computational models for high performance scientific computing Network based research environment 863 program High productivity computer and Grid service environment Multicore/many-core programming support HPC software for earth system modeling 973 program Parallel algorithms for large scale scientific computing Virtual computing environment

4. The National High-tech R&D Program (863 Program) proposed by 4 senior Chinese Scientists and approved by former leader Mr. Deng Xiaoping in March 1986 One of the most important national science and technology R&D programs in China Now a regular national R&D program planed in 5-year term, current one is the 12th 5-year plan

5. The National High-tech R&D Program (863 Program) High productivity computer and Grid service environment Multicore/many-core programming support HPC software for earth system modeling

6. 863 key projects on HPC and Grid: 2002-2010 “High performance computer and core software” 4-year project, May 2002 to Dec. 2005 100 million Yuan funding from the MOST More than 2Χ associated funding from local government, application organizations, and industry Major outcomes: China National Grid (CNGrid) “High productivity Computer and Grid Service Environment” Period: 2006-2010 (extended to now) 940 million Yuan from the MOST and more than 1B Yuan matching money from other sources

7. Grid service environment

8. CNGrid sites CPU/GPUStorage SCCAS 157TF/300TF 1.4PB SSC200TF600TB NSCTJ 1PF/3.7PF 2PB NSCSZ 716TF/1.3PF 9.2PB NSCJN1.1PF2PB THU 104TF/64TF 1PB IAPCM40TF80TB USTC10TF50TB XJTU5TF50TB SIAT 30TF/200TF 1PB HKU 23TF/7.7TF 130TB SDU10TF50TB HUST3TF22TB GSCC 13TF/28TF 40TB THU IAPCM NSCT J NSCJ N SSC USTC NSCS Z HKU SIAT HUST SCCAS GSCC XJTU SDU

9. CNGrid GOS deployment CNGrid GOS deployed on 11 sites and some application Grids Support heterogeneous HPCs: Galaxy, Dawning, DeepComp Support multiple platforms Unix, Linux, Windows Using public network connection, enable only HTTP port Flexible client Web browser Special client GSML client

10. CNGrid: Resources 14 sites >3PF aggregated computing power >15PB storage

11. CNGrid: Service and Users >450 services >2800 users China commercial Aircraft Corp Bao Steel automobile institutes of CAS universities ……

12. CNGrid ： applications Supporting >700 projects 973, 863, NSFC, CAS Innovative, and Engineering projects

13. Domain application Grid Introducing Cloud Computing concept into CNGrid Taking advantages of aggregating distributed heterogeneous resources by Grid and of applying the business model of cloud computing Prototype domain application Grids Simulation and optimization automobile industry aircraft design steel industry Scientific computing Bio-information application computational chemistry

14. Domain application Grid (cont’d) Using CNGrid as virtual resources which can be dynamically requested and allocated End users obtain resources and services via domain application grids Business model defined between CNGrid and domain application grids Accounting Billing policies Promote usage of CNGrid Exploring sustainable development of CNGrid

15. Domain application grid for industrial design and optimization Developed by a team led by SSC architecture and organization basic services access management and security Features resource aggregation enterprise gateway job management accounting trading center More than 80% of engineering computing users use domain app. grid Prototype applications developed for several companies

16. HPC and Grid applications

17. CNGrid applications

18. Domain applications Developing productive HPC applications from selected areas Resource and Environment Research Services Manufacturing

19. Domain applications (Grid) Drug Discovery Weather forecasting Scientific data Grid and its application in research Water resource Information system Grid-enabled railway freight Information system Grid for Chinese medicine database applications HPC and Grid for Aerospace Industry (AviGrid) National forestry project planning, monitoring and evaluation

20. Domain applications (HPC) Computational chemistry Computational Astronomy Parallel program for large fluid machinery design Fusion ignition simulation Parallel algorithms for bio- and pharmacy applications Parallel algorithms for weather forecasting based on GRAPES 10000+ core scale simulation for aircraft design Seismic imaging for oil exploration Parallel algorithm libraries for PetaFlops systems

21. CNGrid (2006-2012) HPC Systems Two 100 Tflops Three PFlops Grid Software: CNGrid GOS CNGrid Environment 14 sites One OP Centers Some domain app. Grids Applications Research Resource & Environment Manufacturing Services

22. China’s status in HPC and e-Infrastructure Significant progress in HPC development and Grid service environment Still far behind in many aspects Lack of kernel technologies Processors, memory, interconnect, system software, algorithms… Especially weak in applications Need multi-disciplinary research Shortage in cross-disciplinary talents Sustainable development is crucial Lack of regular budget for e-Infrastructure Always competing funding with other disciplines

23. Next step

24. Next Step China’s high-tech program has identified priority topics in both HPC and cloud computing in the 12 th 5-year plan A key project on cloud computing has been launched “Key technologies and systems of cloud computing (1st phase) Cloud system management Prototype cloud systems

25. The 12th 5-year plan (cont’d) A new key project on “high productivity computer and application service environment” launched (2011-2015) Emphasis on balanced development on high productivity computers, application environment, and HPC applications

26. Thank you!