1. Global History Review
REVOLUTION

2. Map of Political Revolutions
Germany
Russia
British colonies
In America
France
Mexico
Spanish
colonies
In America

3. Timeline for the Age of Reason
Science
Copernicus
Isaac
Newton
Galileo
Descartes
Voltaire
John
Locke
Montesquieu
Rousseau
Political
Revolutions
Politics

4. II. The Scientific Revolution
The Scientific Revolution: A change in the way people looked for answers to life’s questions
Age of Reason: A time of REASON, not faith

5. Scientific Method
Process of experimentation and observation

6. Geocentric Theory Everything revolves around the Earth
Supported by Catholic Church

7. Heliocentric Theory All planets revolve around the sun
Proven with telescope
Went against Church

8. Great Scientists of the Scientific Revolution
Name
What they did
Effects on Society
Copernicus
Galileo
Newton
Descartes
Sun-centered universe
(heliocentric)
Could not prove his theory
Proved Church was wrong
Proved heliocentric theory
Idea that “natural laws” exist
Theory of Gravity
Scientific method & Age of Reason
Used reasoning instead of faith to find answers

9. III. The Enlightenment John Locke Montesquieu
Name
Ideas
John Locke
Montesquieu
Rousseau
Voltaire
All people have natural rights
Gov’t should protect rights or else ppl should overthrow it
3 branches of gov’t
Social contract
Majority Rule
*Freedom of speech!

10. Absolute monarchs who used their Power for the good of the people
Enlightened Despots
Absolute monarchs who used their
Power for the good of the people

11. IV. Impact of the Enlightenment
Common people became aware that they had RIGHTS!
REVOLUTIONS begin!

12. Political Revolutions
The 3 Political Revolutions we will study about:
American
French
Latin American

13. V. American Revolution
Cross it out!

14. VI. French Revolution When: 1780s and 1790s Where: France
Goal: New gov’t to protect the ppl

15. Causes of the French Revolution
Unfair social class system
.5%
1st
Estate
Clergy
Enjoyed all the
privileges
1.5%
2nd Estate
Nobles
98%
3rd Estate
Middle Class (Bourgeoisie)
Common ppl, Peasants
Paid all
the taxes

16. Causes of the French Revolution
Economic problems
(starvation of poor!)
Enlightenment ideas
(ppl realize they have rights!)
American Revolution
(ppl see it is possible to change their gov’t)

17. Important Concepts of the French Rev BASTILLE
French prison stormed by peasants
Start of Revolution – Bastille Day! July 14th

18. Estates-General
Like Congress – makes laws

19. Declaration of the Rights of Man
Like the Declaration of Independence
Ended special privileges for 1st and 2nd estates

20. Radicals (Jacobins) Want huge change immediately – use violence
Led by Robespierre

21. Reign of Terror Began with beheading of Louis XVI
Tens of thousands killed without real trials

24. The Directory Moderate gov’t after Reign of Terror
Weak and inefficient

26. Napoleon

27. VI. Revolutions in Latin America
When: Early 1800s
Where: Spanish colonies in America
Goal: Freedom from Spanish control

28. Causes of Revolutions in Latin America
Spanish control
American and French revolutions showed you could overthrow European rule

29. Simon Bolivar
Great revolutionary leader against the Spanish in Latin America

30. Results of Revolutions in Latin America
Spain gave up its colonies in Latin America
New nations were created

31. Essential Questions
How did the Scientific Revolution help prepare the way for the Enlightenment?
How did Europeans try to apply the ideas of the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment to society?
Why was the American Revolution an important turning point in global history?
What changes in political thinking were brought about by the French Revolution?

32. Broke from British Got independence Successful Still around today
5. Compare and contrast the short term and long term results of these political revolutions:
Revolution
Short term
Long term
American
French
Latin American
Broke from British
Got independence
Successful
Still around today
Overthrew king,
got independence
NOT successful
Monarchy returned
NOT successful
Wealthy benefited
Poor still suffered
Broke from Spain
Got independence