1. The Solid Earth Layers and Structure

2. More than meets the eye…

3. What is the Earth like?

4. Earth like an Apple…

5. Travel from the Outside In…

6. The Crust- the SKIN Crust- made of mostly O and Si (and others such as Al, Fe, Ca, Na, K and Mg) Crust- made of mostly O and Si (and others such as Al, Fe, Ca, Na, K and Mg) Oceanic- under the ocean Thinner than continental. Continental- part of the land, under your feet

7. Mantle- the FLESH Mantle- Divided into two parts Mantle- Divided into two parts Upper Lower LA

8. Upper Mantle Divided into two parts- think L.A. Divided into two parts- think L.A. Asthenosphere- plastic like, semi- solid, flows like silly putty, caramel Lithosphere- rigid (hard, stiff) Note: includes the crust (can break!!!)

9. Lower Mantle Semi Solid Semi Solid What does it mean? What does it mean?

10. Outer Core Liquid Liquid Made up of Fe and Ni Made up of Fe and Ni VERY Hot VERY Hot

11. Inner Core- the PIT Solid Solid Mostly iron (Fe) Mostly iron (Fe) Also nickel (Ni) Also nickel (Ni) Very hot Very hot

12. What does it all look like?

13. The Layers… Lower Mantle Upper Mantle Oceanic Crust under ocean Continental Crust

14. Do you Know it? This does not include the core!!!

15. You got it?

16. What is the Moho? Mohorovicic Discontinuity Mohorovicic Discontinuity What is it? What is it?

17. Apples or avocados??? What do you like?

18. One last look...

19. Do you know it?

20. Continental Drift Observations Observations Moving land Moving land Hypothesis that says the continents have once been joined together Hypothesis that says the continents have once been joined together

21. Pangaea

22. How?

23. Under the sea… Mid-Atlantic Ridge Mid-Atlantic Ridge Mid-ocean Ridges Mid-ocean Ridges

24. Evidence? Seafloor spreading Seafloor spreading Moving seafloor Moving seafloor New rock from the inner earth New rock from the inner earth

25. Can you?

26. Plate tectonics The theory of plate tectonics describes how and why the continents move. The theory of plate tectonics describes how and why the continents move. Plate= rigid slab/piece of rock Plate= rigid slab/piece of rock Tektonikos= greek word meaning “construction” or “to build” Tektonikos= greek word meaning “construction” or “to build”

27. How does this look like? The Earth’s crust is broken into large pieces called plates. Imagine a cracked, hard-boiled egg. The Earth’s crust is broken into large pieces called plates. Imagine a cracked, hard-boiled egg.

28. Plate Boundaries The Edges of the plates, where they touch other plates, are called plate boundaries The Edges of the plates, where they touch other plates, are called plate boundaries

29. Plate Movement vs. Boundary The way the plates move, determines the type of plate boundary… meaning… The way the plates move, determines the type of plate boundary… meaning… ConvergentDivergentTransform Towards Each otherAway from each other Slip sideways past each other

30. Plate Movement These plates move in three different ways These plates move in three different ways A. Towards eachother B. Away from eachother C. Slip sideways past eachother

31. What does it look like?

32. Once again…

33. Divergent Boundary Plates pulling away from one another Plates pulling away from one another What do we get? Ocean Ridges (under water) or Rift Valleys (on land) What do we get? Ocean Ridges (under water) or Rift Valleys (on land)

34. Transform Boundary Plates slide and grind next to each other, side to side Plates slide and grind next to each other, side to side What do we get? Faults, earthquakes. San Francisco What do we get? Faults, earthquakes. San Francisco

35. Convergent Boundary Plates push against each other Plates push against each other How many kinds? How many kinds? O+O, C+O and C+C O+O, C+O and C+C What do we get? What do we get?

36. What happens? Why? The movement of these plates over millions of years have caused the continents to drift (move). Think Pangea. The movement of these plates over millions of years have caused the continents to drift (move). Think Pangea. The oceans and continents sit on top of these plates and therefore they move when the plates move. The oceans and continents sit on top of these plates and therefore they move when the plates move. Why? Convection currents within the Earth Layers. Think pot of boiling water! Why? Convection currents within the Earth Layers. Think pot of boiling water!

37. Welcome Back!!!

38. Reminders… Respect Respect Procedures Procedures Bellringers Bellringers Clean-up Clean-up Homework Homework Extra Credit Extra Credit Finals Finals Grades Grades Do you know it? And what is the first thing that comes to mind? Do you know it? And what is the first thing that comes to mind?

39. Week 17- Almost there… Last 100 meters… as they say! Last 100 meters… as they say! http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=7 520510009806717980&q=running+to+the +finish+line http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=7 520510009806717980&q=running+to+the +finish+line http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=7 520510009806717980&q=running+to+the +finish+line http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=7 520510009806717980&q=running+to+the +finish+line

40. What’s left this week… Review Layers of the Earth Review Layers of the Earth Finish Plate Tectonics Finish Plate Tectonics Quiz on Friday Quiz on Friday (Layers, Pangea, Plate Tectonics) (Layers, Pangea, Plate Tectonics) Start Earthquakes Start Earthquakes Timed Reading on Friday and IMAX Volcano movie Timed Reading on Friday and IMAX Volcano movie

41. What’s left to do before the finals EXAMS Plate Tectonics Review Plate Tectonics Review Earthquakes Earthquakes Volcanoes Volcanoes Review 1 st Semester (from metric units to now, everything we have covered) Review 1 st Semester (from metric units to now, everything we have covered) Final Exam Schedule Final Exam Schedule Final Exam Schedule Final Exam Schedule

42. What’s up with my paper? Font- type and size Font- type and size Abbreviations – u do it? yay or nay? Abbreviations – u do it? yay or nay? Paragraphs- how do they look? Paragraphs- how do they look? Spell check and grammar check (use them) Spell check and grammar check (use them) Sentence structure (capital letters???) Sentence structure (capital letters???) Format (pages, titles, names, spacing) Format (pages, titles, names, spacing) Language (wussup dude?) Language (wussup dude?)

43. Plagiarism- Why and why not? IT IS STEALING… and it is a 0 Why and why not? IT IS STEALING… and it is a 0 What’s acceptable? Quotes, Bibliography, say it… What’s acceptable? Quotes, Bibliography, say it… To avoid plagiarism, you must give credit whenever you use * another person’s idea, opinion, or theory; * any facts, statistics, graphs, drawings—any pieces of information— that are not common knowledge; *quotations of another person’s actual spoken or written words; or *paraphrase of another person’s spoken or written words. Let me show you… Let me show you…

44. P= F What can you do? What can you do? Why do I care so much? Why do I care so much?