2. ICTs in Governance and for Wealth Creation By Dr T.H. Chowdary * Director, Center for Telecom Management & Studies * Chairman, Pragna Bharati (Intellect India), AP * Former Information Technology Adviser, Government of A.P Chairman & Managing Director Videsh Sanchar Nigam Ltd., Bombay T: +91 (40) 2784-6137/6667-1191(O) F: +91 (40) 2789-6103/6667-1111 thc@satyam.com Talk @ Koti Women’s College, Hyd: 20 TH Feb 2008

3. Technologies  Enhance Efficiency  Promote effectiveness  Facilitate transparency; speed up processes… eg: Type -writer, automobile, electricity, airplane, telegraph, telex, telephone, computer, communication satellites, digitisation, Internet…

4. What are ICTs (1/2)  Information ( text, images, graphics, voice, data) electronified  Stored in solid state memories & web-sites  Computers process the information through software and present it on monitor-screens  Telecommunications link the computers/ Memories/Websites

5. What are ICTs (2/2)  User communications devices- PCs, lap- tops, PDAs, mobile phones, TV sets with set top boxes - access the web-sites, and communicate, transport information  The infrastructure – electronic & photonic Microwave Radio, terrestrial & satellite optical fiber cables - underground undersea, wireless in the last km – WiFi, WiMax…..

6. ICTs in Governance  Governments (Union & State) are collecting and spending 30% of our GDP  Huge amount on welfare ($13 bln). Only 15% reaches the targeted beneficiaries  There are schemes on which upto Rs. 100,000 crores ($22 bln) were spent but not completed even after 5 to 10 years  Comptroller & Accountant General of India is writing history after history of waste and non-productive outlays  Computerised MIS on nation-wide telecom network

7. The Cost of Delay: Rs. 50,000 cr. Total Projects 742 ( 216 hit by cost overrun) Railways PowerAtomic Energy Urban Development Coal Petroleum No. of Projects 25662101810030 Projects hit by cost overrun 14992413 Original cost (Rs. crores) 25,1753,527 4,97652924,406 Extent of cost overrun 91.5%87.7 % 115.9%52.2 % 29.6% (Source: Indian Express 31/8/2006)

8. Why e-governance (1/3)  Government(s) largest handlers of people’s money – (25 to 25)% of GDP & Welfarist  Least efficient, economic & transparent Eg: Projects in progress for 10 to 25 yrs – $ 25 bln unproductively locked up 25 mln homes claimed to have been built for 75 mln people in AP alone! 13 mln. White ration cards for families below poverty line (80 of Pop.)

9. Why E-Goverannce – “Socialism” at work (2/3)  Subsidies ( $ 6.2 bln. on food, kerosene & sugar and $ 4.5 bln on other items)  Apply, Apply – No Reply  Government officials: Labour-lordism; Babu-bossism Insectification of citizen Sale of Information Move from office to office again & again

10. Why E- Governance- Revenues Rise (3/3)  Taxes increase; Projects Multiply; so do offices Poverty Alleviation Poverty Eradication Integrated Rural Development Uplift of Utterly poor (Antyodaya –) Light to the dark (Velugu) C.M’s Employment of Youth Indira Awas ( Housing the poor)  52 such programmes in 53 years since 1951. Illiteracy, poverty, large family – vicious circle, 15% of benefit money reaches the poor

11. ICTs in Management Information (1/2)  Computerised, telecommunicated & presented  Decision support- non dependence on clerks, files  Web enabled, hence anytime,anywhere.  Management Information Systems feedback,timely corrections( Rs. 400 bln - $ 8 bln locked up in projects that won’t be completed, shown by banks as “assets”..)  Budget management  Treasuries -Overdraft

12. ICTs in Management Information (2/2)  Project Management - expenditure related to physical work completed and progress of work overseen Eg: Housing for weaker sections digitised roads/ maintenance  Load factor improvement

13. ICTs for Auditing /Revenue A/C Computerized I.T, S.T…. Evasion; defaulters and loan applications Concurrent audit..( not history-writing, Bihar PSUs) Expense & time over-runs Trends & Forecasting - Advisories; Warnings; Public gaze over drain, waste...

14. ICTs in Governance (1/2)  Since 1997 Pioneered by GOs of AP, KN and TN, all governments have programs of ICT use in government work.  G2C: eg: e-Sevas, Land records, CARD, property tax  G2B: eg: e-procurement  C2G: eg: Filing tax returns, rail reservations  G2G: eg: e-MIS; Electrical Energy management; weaker section housing  Treasuries, video conferencing  G2B: eg: banking, purchases

15. ICTs in Governance (1/2)  Union & state governments are investing about Rs. 3000 cr/year on various e- governance projects  Eventually we must have e-elections Registration ( no enrollment) Electioneering ( TV & Radio channels, Toll free interrogation) Balloting  (i) 80% saving on (ii) & reduction of need for black money

16. ICTs in Economy & Education  e-banking (Internet) & money transfers; ATMs  e-ticketing (airlines, railways)  e-teaching (Engineering education explodes)  Job interviews from Internet kiosks with video facility  e-journals on web-sites  e-mails for advocacy

17. What E-Governance Can Deliver (1)  ICT – based MIS eg: Story of Weaker Section Housing  Delivery of government services – One stop – Many Services  Speed Up Process Corruption decreases Dissatisfaction decreases Time & fuel economy Reduced Transaction costs

18. What E-Governance Can Deliver (2)  Responsiveness & Accountability Dial the Chief Minister, Commissioner (Police, Municipal Corpn), Collector…  Economy & Effectiveness E-Procurement e- Cops Better planning ( MPHS; GIS; Data Bank; Oversight, Speedy Correction ) Video in jails –prisoners not physically brought to courts – escapes prevented

19. What E-Governance Can Deliver (3) Interviews from video- enabled Internet Kiosks # e-ways of SIFY (saving time & money) In courts – original documents scanned, stored on floppy/ CD; document theft avoided Land records, titles, encumbrances easily accessed by farmers (BHOOMI in Karnataka) E-Chaupal (ITC procurement & farmer education; market information); multi-services Rural Service Delivery Points ( for e-Seva of Andhra Pradesh )

20. Some Spectacular Outcomes (1/5)  E-Procurement  Award time reduced from 150 to 20 days  On 52 e-tenders (Rs. 3.5 bln), 23% saving  1500 e-tenders in progress (Rs. 16.4 bln) in 2003-04  Procurement would cross Rs. 15,000 cr in 2004-05  0.24% of tender value as commission (reduced to 0.05% in 2005)

21. Some Spectacular Outcomes (2/5)  E-Seva in Andhra Pradesh  Multiple services offered at each counter  Utility / Tax Payments Electricity, Water, Property Tax, Telephone bills Filing Sales Tax and Income Tax Returns  Certificates Birth / death certificates Encumbrance certificates for property  Passport and Licenses Filing applications for passports Municipal trade licenses, Learner’s License, Vehicle registration …  Bus tickets … train tickets, airline tickets, travel bookings  Rail Reservations  E-Payments on internet ( www.esevaonline.com)

22. Some Spectacular Outcomes (3/5)  E-Seva in Andhra Pradesh  One-stop-Shop for G2C services  31 service centres, 6 bank branches, 81 ATMs (in Hyderabad)  Volume of Transactions increasing  0.8 mil in April 2001  8.5 mil since Aug 03; 12 mln, Dec ‘04  46 services across any of 290 counters  Extending to all urban areas by Dec 03  232 more eSeva Centres in 116 cities & towns &  2500 villages by March 2004  5000 villages by Dec 2004

23. Some Spectacular Outcomes (4/5)  CARD  In-house execution of the Project  More than 240 registration offices  Old documents scanned and indexed  20 year title search in less than 15 mnts.  Certified copies of registration deeds  Encumbrance certificates  Valuation slips for properties  Registration deeds like sale, mortgage, lease& gift

24. Some Spectacular Outcomes (5/5)  E-Communication with People  Rail reservations  Money transfers  Filing income- tax returns  Preservation of and access to precious documents, records – scanning & digitisation  Video conference of government officers, Ministers with people ( portable VSAT & camera…)

25. E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY (1/3) TECHNOLOGY’S ROLE n Technologies are Enablers, Promotive of Efficiency, Speed, Effectiveness & Economy n Offices/Officials need not be technology- savy but skilled to use n To make a difference, move to E- Governance should be swift (>5 Years), not graduated; otherwise old absorbs, assimilates, disfigures the New

26. E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY (2/3) TECHNOLOGY’S ROLE  Information Infrastructure (Electronic) Photonic Highways) is Available; Improving and Extending Thro’ Multiple Enterprises.

27. E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY (3/3) Implementation  A vision and master-mind  Best Instrument - Government Department or Society (eg STP) or Mission

28. E-governance & I.T All-Party Agenda  Criticised but embraced by “opposition” partis when come to power ( A P; UP; Kerala…)  Consultative & involvement in program planning  Vision Document: Peoples/ not party’s  Get into Manifestos – Professionals to write & “sell”  Get parties to go High-tech ( eg: TDP in Andhra Pradesh )  Self-help Groups ( 350,000 in A P) given mobile telephones (Internet-enabled)  Talk not jargon; develop popular style  Extend reliable power to the entire territory

29. E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION The Weight of Government (s) Union Government Year 2001 Secretaries141 (117) Add. Secretaries 107 (99) Jt. Secretaries 511 (389) Directors 628 (453) Dy. Secretaries 578 (395) Other officials 4.3 million Fig in ( ) are just before 5th Pay Commission

30. E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION Union Government Finances Annual Tax Revenue  Rs. 4,20,000 cr. InterestRs. 1,80,000 cr. SalariesRs. 75,000 cr. DefenceRs. 96,000 cr. Union Govt’s. Debt Rs. 14,00,000 cr. States were to Raise for the 9th PlanRs. 38,000 cr. States ended with a deficit of Rs. 1,05,000 cr. Losses of State Electricity Bds.Rs. 26,000 cr. Losses of SEBs in 1991Rs. 4,000 cr.

31. E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION Government of Andhra Pradesh  Dy Secretaries & above350  Government officials(600 + 400) K Terrific Excess of Group C&D can’t afford teachers (60K) & Nurses (10K)  RevenuesRs. 11,000 cr.  Salary & wagesRs. 10,800 cr.  Receipts for Union Govt. Rs. 4,000 cr.  Interest on debtRs. 4,000 cr.  Total debt of A.PRs. 40,000 cr.  All State PSUs(37)Loss making  Other Govts. Are no better

32. E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION Governments on the Band Wagon  Almost all (except a few dishonorable exceptions) States and Union Governments are enthused and committed to e- governance.  All have launched many and implemented some programs  All are Government-centric  May falter and flounder like PSU disinvestment and telecom demonopolisation

33. E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION TECHNOLOGY’S ROLE n Offices/Officials need not be technology- savvy but skilled to use n To make a difference, move to E- Governance should be swift (>5 Years), not graduated; otherwise old absorbs, assimilates, disfigures the New

34. E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION TECHNOLOGY’S ROLE  Information Infrastructure (Electronic) Photonic Highways) is Available; Improving; Extending Thro’ Multiple Enterprises to cover all Mandals …. Villages  APSWAN since 1998

35. Hastening E-Governance & Informatisation of Society  Out-source computer education in Schools/Colleges and to Government officials; Also content creation  Interconnect SWANs with Internet for delivery of information and services of Government to public  (eg E-Sewa)

36. Pick up Inspiring Applications  Computer assisted literacy promotion  SWAN upto Panchayat  100% literacy by 2005 - Private efforts  Telecottage in every village (PTIC)  All Schools, colleges, Educational Institutions on Internet

37. Pick up Inspiring Applications TWINS E-Sewa (30 services) CARD (240 offices) SKIMS - 7500 Tmnls OLTP: 10 Depts; all Mandals (4th tier) FAST (3 + 34 Offices)

38. Pick up Inspiring Applications Immediate Applications  Voice Mail  Dial your CM, SP, Collector, Municipal Commissioner  E-Mail your complaint  GOAP Portal  Chief Minister’s MIS

39. AP’s Initiatives(1)  Free Right of Way  Government Reviewing Telecom & ISP roll-out  All government offices, Public Libraries, PHCs ordered to have Internet connections  All Mandal Office PCs used as Public Internet kiosks in association with BSNL

40. AP’s Initiatives(2)  CMEY money to promote  Public Internet Kiosks  Deploying ( corDECT) wireless to connect PTICs to Internet

41. Citizenship in the Knowledge society  Literacy  Education  Excellence  Global Economy  Intellectuals & Professionals are globally mobile  Move like money across borders in search of remuneration & security

42. Extending the Information Infrastructure & Services  Internet & E-Seva for Masses:  STD/ISD PTs to become PTICs ( 1.0 mil in India; >80,000 in Andhra Prad  esh)  Private ISPs & Bharat Sanchar

43. Status of Card Services - Aug 2001 Statutory effect given to CARD services w.e.f. 5-2-99 99% documents being regd on computer Service standards maintained Facilities Management from January 2000 Transactions handled (11/98 to 7/2001) Registrations22,50,000 Valuations 11,50,000 EC’s 7,60,000

44. E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION

50. Salient features  18 Service Centres 200 citizen counters 200 citizen counters  23 G2C Services  + 5 B2C services  Open 9 am to 7 pm Including Sundays & 2 nd Saturdays Including Sundays & 2 nd Saturdays  Multiple modes of Payment Cash/ cheque/ DD / Credit Cards Cash/ cheque/ DD / Credit Cards e-Payments e-Payments  18 Service Centres 200 citizen counters 200 citizen counters  23 G2C Services  + 5 B2C services  Open 9 am to 7 pm Including Sundays & 2 nd Saturdays Including Sundays & 2 nd Saturdays  Multiple modes of Payment Cash/ cheque/ DD / Credit Cards Cash/ cheque/ DD / Credit Cards e-Payments e-Payments

51. G2C Services(1)  Utility Bill / Tax Payments Electricity Bills Water Bills Property Taxes  Certificates & licenses Registration of Birth/ death Issue of Birth /death Certificates Renewal of Drug licenses Renewal of Trade License  Utility Bill / Tax Payments Electricity Bills Water Bills Property Taxes  Certificates & licenses Registration of Birth/ death Issue of Birth /death Certificates Renewal of Drug licenses Renewal of Trade License

52. G2C Services(2)  Passport Receipt of application for passport  Registration & Stamps Sale of stamps(Registration dept.) Document writing Valuation of property  Water Works Reservation of water tanker Application for new connection  Passport Receipt of application for passport  Registration & Stamps Sale of stamps(Registration dept.) Document writing Valuation of property  Water Works Reservation of water tanker Application for new connection

53. G2C Services  Others Receipt of complaints Reservation of APSRTC seats Small savings  Internet-based Services Electronic payments Down loading of Forms Filing of applications on website  Others Receipt of complaints Reservation of APSRTC seats Small savings  Internet-based Services Electronic payments Down loading of Forms Filing of applications on website

54. B2C Services  ATM Withdrawal of money Taking A/C Extract Depositing Money  Cellphones Cellphone Bill Payments  Securities & Mutual funds  ATM Withdrawal of money Taking A/C Extract Depositing Money  Cellphones Cellphone Bill Payments  Securities & Mutual funds

55. Services to be included  Telephones Bill collections Application for new connections  Title Search  Telephones Bill collections Application for new connections  Title Search

56. Human Resources Development (Case of Andhra Pradesh) IIIT 328 Engineering Colleges ( 32 in 1995) 468 BCA Colleges (Nil in 1995) 400 MCA Colleges ( 44 in 1995) Indian School of Business Affiliations with The Wharton School and J.L.Kellogg Graduate School of Management Computer Education in (all) Schools, (all) Colleges ( for all degrees)

57. Satellite and Optical Fiber Connectivity for Education INSAT 3B Ku Band transponder 70 Mbps Distance learning Telemedicine SMART government E-commerce Optical Fibers to link all colleges. Electronic classrooms in every college

58. THE VISION - I T ENABLED / CREATED SERVICES & EMPLOYMENT (INDIA)  GROSS WORLD PRODUCT IN THE YEAR 2010 US $ 40 T  CONTRIBUTION FROM SERVICES (60%) OF GWP US $ 24 T  INDIA'S SHARE @ 10% US $ 2.4 T  EMOLUMENTS COMPONENT (15% TO 50%) US $ 360 TO US $ 1200 b  EMOLUMENTS/EMPLOYEE/YEAR US $ 5000  NO OF JOBS (360/1200) b = 72 to 240 million 5 K

59. Dhanyawad: Thank You