1. Slide 0 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1.4 Organ Systems of the Body

2. Slide 1 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Objective Bell Ringer Questions Define and contrast the terms organ and organ systems. List the 11 major organ systems of the body. Identify and locate the major organs of each major organ system. Briefly describe the major functions of each major organ systems

3. Slide 2 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Definitions and Concepts Organ—a structure made up of two or more kinds of tissues organized in such a way that they can together perform a more complex function than can any tissue alone Organ system—a group of organs arranged in such a way that they can together perform a more complex function than can any organ alone (Cont’d…)

4. Slide 3 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Definitions and Concepts (…Cont’d) A knowledge of individual organs and how they are organized into groups makes more meaningful the understanding of how a particular organ system functions as a whole

5. Slide 4 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Integumentary system  Structure—organs  Skin  Hair  Nails  Sense receptors  Sweat glands  Oil glands (Cont’d…) Organ Systems

6. Slide 5 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d)  Functions  Protection  Regulation of body temperature  Synthesis of chemicals  Sense organ (Cont’d…)

7. Slide 6 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d) Skeletal system  Structure  Bones  Joints  Functions  Support  Movement (with joints and muscles)  Storage of minerals  Blood cell formation (Cont’d…)

8. Slide 7 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d) Muscular system  Structure  Muscles o Voluntary or striated o Involuntary or smooth o Cardiac  Functions  Movement  Maintenance of body posture and BP  Production of heat (Cont’d…)

9. Slide 8 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d) Nervous system  Structure  Brain  Spinal cord  Nerves  Sense organs (Cont’d…)

10. Slide 9 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d)  Function  Communication  Integration  Control  Recognition of sensory stimuli  System functions by production of nerve impulses caused by stimuli of various types  Control is fast acting and of short duration (Cont’d…)

11. Slide 10 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d) Endocrine system  Structure  Pituitary gland  Pineal gland  Hypothalamus  Thyroid gland  Parathyroid gland  Thymus  Adrenal glands  Pancreas  Ovaries (female)  Testes (male) (Cont’d…)

12. Slide 11 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d)  Functions  Secretion of special substances called hormones directly into the blood  Same as nervous system—communication, integration, and control  Control is slow and of long duration  Examples of hormone regulation o Growth o Metabolism o Reproduction o Fluid and electrolyte balance (Cont’d…)

13. Slide 12 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. (…Cont’d) Cardiovascular (circulatory) system  Structure  Heart  Blood vessels  Functions  Transportation of blood to whole body  Regulation of body temperature  Immunity (body defense)  Removes waste products from blood (Cont’d…) Organ Systems

14. Slide 13 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d) Lymphatic system  Structure  Lymph nodes  Lymphatic vessels  Thymus  Spleen  Functions  Transportation  Immunity (body defense) (Cont’d…)

15. Slide 14 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d) Respiratory system  Structure  Nose  Pharynx  Larynx  Trachea  Bronchi  Lungs (Cont’d…)

16. Slide 15 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d)  Functions  Exchange of waste gas (carbon dioxide) for oxygen in the lungs  Area of gas exchange in the lungs called alveoli  Filtration of irritants from inspired air  Regulation of acid-base balance (Cont’d…)

17. Slide 16 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d) Digestive system  Structure  Primary organs o Mouth o Pharynx o Esophagus o Stomach o Small intestine o Large intestine o Rectum o Anal canal (Cont’d…)

18. Slide 17 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d)  Accessory organs o Teeth o Salivary glands o Tongue o Liver o Gallbladder o Pancreas o Appendix (Cont’d…)

19. Slide 18 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d)  Functions  Mechanical and chemical breakdown (digestion) of food  Absorption of nutrients  Undigested waste product that is eliminated is called feces  Appendix is a structural but not a functional part of digestive system  Inflammation of appendix is called appendicitis (Cont’d…)

20. Slide 19 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d) Urinary system  Structure  Kidneys  Ureters  Urinary bladder  Urethra (Cont’d…)

21. Slide 20 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d)  Functions  “Cleaning” or clearing blood of waste products— waste product excreted from body is called urine  Electrolyte balance  Water balance  Acid-base balance  In male, urethra has urinary and reproductive functions (Cont’d…)

22. Slide 21 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d) Reproductive system  Structure  Male o Gonads—testes o Genital ducts—vas deferens, urethra o Accessory gland—prostate o Supporting structures—genitalia (Cont’d…)

23. Slide 22 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d)  Female o Gonads—ovaries o Accessory organs—uterus, uterine (fallopian) tubes, vagina o Supporting structures—genitalia, mammary glands (breasts) (Cont’d…)

24. Slide 23 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. Organ Systems (…Cont’d)  Functions  Survival of genes  Production of sex cells  Development and birth of offspring  Nourishment of offspring  Production of sex hormones

25. Slide 24 Copyright © 2004. Mosby Inc. All Rights Reserved. The End