1. Genetic engineering WHAT IS IT? Human Genetics & cloning
Raise large moral & religious issues
Recent advances in both could allow scientists to cure major medical conditions

2. Could help to eliminate genetic disorders e.g. cystic fibrosis
These advances also raise the possibility of 'designer babies’ and the selective breeding of human beings

3. MENDEL & HIS PEAS
Gregor mendel ( )
Experimented with peas to see how characteristics were passed on from one generation to another

4. The study of this process was called 'genetics’.
He wrote the first 4 rules of genetics

5. All organisms get their characteristics from their genes
A pair of genes, one from each parent, controls particular characteristics
Genes may be dominant or recessive
Dominant genes determine characteristics over recessive.

6. James Watson & Francis Crick 1953 One of the greatest discoveries
Unravelled DNA
A complex molecule found in all cells
Holds the blueprint for everything that happens in the human body
Called the ‘building block of life’

7. The Human Genome project 1990
Attempt to map out the DNA structure of Human beings
Make it possible to see how individual genes work
Ultimately lead to development of drugs to cure even more diseases

8. MANIPULATING THE GENES
It is thought that within a decade we will be able to manipulate most of the genes in the human body
There are 3 possible uses for this:

9. GENETIC ENGINEERING
Process of manipulating DNA directly
Allows particular characteristics to be deleted, altered or replaced
By changing the genetic code the new characteristic will be passed on to next generation

10. 2.GENE THERAPY
Involves replacing a defective gene with a new one.
Could help people with cystic fibrosis and other conditions

11. 3.XENOTRANSPLA-NTATION
Method of transplanting organs from one species to another
Pig organs have been used as a short term replacement for human organs in the past few years.

12. MORAL & RELIGIOUS ISSUES
Raises immense issues
Should insurance companies be allowed to ask for genetic tests before providing life insurance?

13. Give the parents an opportunity to seek abortion if they wanted to?
Should unborn foetuses be tested for conditions that lead to an early death?
Give the parents an opportunity to seek abortion if they wanted to?

14. Could tell if foetus was likely to have breast cancer later on in life, could save the NHS money in the long term to stop people with potential disease from living in the first place?

15. ? Raised are very serious and far reaching
Positive side - some killer diseases could become things of the past
Negative side - whole map of person’s life laid bare
Human beings given the opportunity to play ‘god’

16. Have an effect on the way we view human life
Have an effect on faith
Effect on sanctity , tolerance prejudice etc?